TRIBES OF APHIDIDAE 69 
Biological characters. The habitat of the group is very exception- 
al for the Pemphiginae, being found on conifers. The structural char- 
acters indicate a very distinct line and origin from the other groups 
of the subfamily. 
15. Trine MINDARINI 
Characters of the tribe are included with those of the group. 
VIII. Group SCHIZONEURINA 
Koch, 1854, Die Pflanzenl. Heft 1. Sub Schizoneuriden (tribe). 
Buckton, 1876, Monogr. Vol. 1. Sub Schizoneurinae (tribe). 
Thomas, 1879, Report 8. Sub Schizoneurini (section). 
Mordwilko, 1908, Acad. Imper. Vol. 18. Sub Schizoneurina (group). 
Koch (1854) first recognized the group under the tribal name 
Schizoneuriden with which he included much that is now treated other- 
wise; his term is a nomen nudum. Buckton (1876) makes use of the 
subfamily term in a tribal sense. Thomas (1879) treats it as a sec- 
tion under the subfamily. Mordwilko (1908) first makes use of the 
term Schizoneura in a group sense, but included the genera Anoecia 
and Mindarus. 
Morphological characters. Head not so strongly convex as usual 
in the subfamily. Antennae moderately long, composed of six seg- 
ments; sensoria strongly transverse and annulate, with the annuli 
forming complete rings. Fore wings with media usually one-branched, 
sometimes simple; stigma short and pointed distally and stigmal vein 
arising from the middle of the same. Cornicles appear as pores or 
are wanting. Cauda short and broad as in Lachnus. The gland areas 
are usually composed of large facets arranged more or less regularly. 
Fundatrices have five segments to the antennae. 
Biological characters. The Schizoneurina are characterized by 
forming, for some of the generations, pseudogalls by twisting and fold- 
ing the leaves, few forming a pouch-like gall. They are all, more or 
less, provided with flocculent matter for protection. In size they 
are among the largest of the subfamily. Migrations from one food 
plant to one different is very common, and not a few attack cultivated 
plants, especially roots, and thus are among some of our most destruc- 
tive aphids. The favorite habitat of the group for hibernation and for 
the spring generations are Ulmus and Fraxinus. 
KBY TO THE TRIBES OF THE SCHIZONEURINA 
1. The large gland areas confined to the abdomen, or to the thorax and abdomen, 
but not found on the head. . . . 16. Tribe SCHIZONEURINI 
—Large gland areas present on the head, thorax and abdomen. 
1%. Tribe PROCIPHILINI 
