THrt HyMENopTeRA OF MINNESOTA 227 
blue and green in color. Altho solitary in the above sense, they 
may occur in communities, a large number of individuals building in 
the same territory. While each bee works for its own progeny, there 
may be community labor as in making a gallery needed by a colony. 
Work of excavating is carried on at night. The handsome little 
bees of genus Halictus, only about 1/100 to 3/100 of an inch long, often 
metallic in color, dig branched 
tunnels seven or eight or more 
inches long. They sometimes 
occur in large colonies on the 
sides of sand cliffs. 
Minnesota species: Halictus 
(Halictus) lerouxi var. rubrum 
Ckll., Halictus (Agapostemon) 
wrescens EF. (see col. plate 2.): 
Hi CA.) radiatus Say, Teas) 
texanus Cress., H. (A.) splen- 
Fig. 116. Halictus (Agapostemon) radi- dens LeP., H. (Chloralictus ) teg- 
atus Say, female. ularis Rob. H. (C.) pilosus Sm., 
H. (C.) pruinosus Rob., Chlora- 
lictus) vierecki Crwfd., Augochlora sp. and O-xysloglossa sp. (aster 
and golden rod, Itasca Co. in August), Halictus lerouxi Fab., lake 
shore, Duluth, St. Louis Co., H. ligatus Say, Rock Co. Sept. 11, on 
aster. Chloralictus sp. Itasca Co. in Aug., and Martin, Fillmore and 
Rock Cos. in Sept. on aster, sunflower and golden rod. Evylaeus sp. 
Itasca Co., Aug. 25, on Solidago. Lasioglossum sp. taken on sun- 
flower and aster by H. L. V. in Itasca Park, Aug. 29. 
ANDRENIDAE 
Same as Halictidae but basal vein forming a more or less perfectly straight 
line, and face with pubescent depressions or fovae, at least in female; hind femora 
always with a pollen brush, or flocculus. 
These bees are of moderate or large size. They resemble honey 
bees, and are sometimes mistaken for them; generally, however, they 
are smaller. A large number of species is known, most of them diggers, 
and all of them solitary, although they almost always live in colonies, 
constructing burrows in the ground and preferring sandy places, some- 
times, however, selecting a gravel path. Andrena “villages” have been 
