COTTOIDS. 107 
equal to the width of the interorbital space, longer than the snout. Margins 
of the disk hardly to be described as swollen. Subopercular tubercle weak, 
small, four to six spined on small specimens, almost imperceptible on larger 
ones. Gills two; rakers short, round, five to six on first and second arches; 
gill openings small, placed superiorly in the axille, backward of the sub- 
opercular angle. Branchiostegal rays six, slender, outer one stronger and 
joined to the opercular bones. Scales tubercular, comparatively small, close 
together, with slender cusps and striated spreading bases; commonly larger 
and hooked in several rows at each side of the tail, at each side of the 
papille of the lateral line, and along the edges of the disk. A larger, more 
prominent spine at the end of the rostrum, another behind each eye, a pair 
near the middle of each eye on the interorbital space, and another pair 
immediately behind the nasal sac. Spines of the lower surfaces smaller. 
Lateral line distinct, deeply excavated around the edge of the disk. In 
Fig. 2 of Plate XXI. the second papilla at each side of the symphysis below 
the mouth is not indicated; it lies forward of the space between the first 
and the third of the series. The fringes on the lobes at the sides of the 
papillae do not appear to be either numerous or greatly developed. The 
caudal section of the male is apparently longer than that of the female. 
Dorsal originating close to the middle of the total length, midway from 
the occiput to the base of the caudal; anal origin one length of the eye 
farther back than base of dorsal, fin length equal that of the latter, two 
thirds as long as the caudal, pointed ; caudal narrow, as long as the skull, 
rounded on the hind margin ; pectorals medium, fringed, rounded on the 
outer margin, short in the hinder rays; ventrals small, fringed, narrow, 
little shorter than the pectorals. 
Translucent whitish to brown, with or without cloudings or spots, Fig. 1, 
Plate XXI. Traces of brilliant red colors appear on light colored individuals 
and on some the lateral lobes of the illicium are deep red, while the median 
lobe is of cream color; the illicium varies from light color to dark brown. 
Specimen drawn five and one half inches in length. 
Station. Latitude. Longitude. Depth. Temperature. Bottom. 
3394 PAIN 79° 35/ W. 511 fathoms 41.8° F. Dk. gn. M. 
COTTOIDS. 
The only Cottoids secured by the expedition are shoal water forms. 
For the greater part the group is made up of species living on the bottom, 
