﻿90 
  Nichols: 
  The 
  vegetation 
  of 
  Connecticut 
  

  

  me 
  

  

  plant 
  associations 
  (Nichols, 
  '17), 
  which 
  differs 
  in 
  certain 
  important 
  

   details 
  from 
  that 
  heretofore 
  followed, 
  although 
  based 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  

   fundamental 
  principles. 
  For 
  the 
  sake 
  of 
  uniformity 
  with 
  previous 
  

   numbers 
  of 
  the 
  series, 
  however, 
  this 
  classification 
  will 
  be 
  largely 
  

   neglected 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  paper. 
  It 
  may 
  be 
  of 
  interest 
  to 
  note 
  

   that 
  a 
  revised 
  and 
  amplified 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  vegetation 
  of 
  Connec- 
  

   ticut, 
  to 
  be 
  published 
  as 
  a 
  bulletin 
  by 
  the 
  Connecticut 
  State 
  

   Geological 
  and 
  Natural 
  History 
  Survey, 
  is 
  in 
  course 
  of 
  preparation. 
  

   It 
  is 
  a 
  familiar 
  observation 
  to 
  all 
  who 
  visit 
  the 
  seacoast 
  that 
  

   the 
  vegetation 
  here 
  presents 
  many 
  unique 
  types 
  of 
  plant 
  associa- 
  

   tion. 
  The 
  seaweed 
  associations 
  of 
  rocky 
  shores, 
  the 
  associations 
  

   of 
  salt 
  and 
  brackish 
  marshes 
  and 
  of 
  sandy 
  beaches 
  and 
  dunes 
  

   these 
  and 
  other 
  distinctively 
  seaside 
  associations 
  and 
  groups 
  of 
  

   associations 
  form 
  the 
  subject 
  of 
  this 
  paper 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  one 
  which 
  

   follows. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  outset, 
  brief 
  attention 
  may 
  be 
  called 
  to 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  

   important 
  papers 
  relating 
  primarily 
  to 
  the 
  ecology 
  of 
  seaside 
  

   vegetation 
  along 
  the 
  northern 
  Atlantic 
  coast, 
  and 
  especially 
  to 
  

  

  Kemp 
  ('62) 
  

  

  limits 
  

  

  r 
  

  

  plants 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  eastern 
  coast 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States." 
  This 
  

   remarkably 
  clear 
  and 
  interesting 
  discussion, 
  based 
  primarily 
  on 
  

   the 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  seaweed 
  associations 
  in 
  the 
  Casco 
  Bay 
  region, 
  

   Maine, 
  probably 
  represents 
  the 
  first 
  published 
  account 
  of 
  a 
  dis- 
  

   tinctly 
  ecological 
  nature 
  dealing 
  with 
  the 
  marine 
  vegetation 
  of 
  

   this 
  country, 
  yet 
  it 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  escaped 
  the 
  notice 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  

   more 
  recent 
  writers 
  on 
  this 
  subject 
  and 
  has 
  but 
  lately 
  been 
  brought 
  

   to 
  the 
  writer's 
  attention 
  by 
  Mr. 
  F. 
  S. 
  Collins.* 
  Among 
  other 
  and 
  

  

  -— 
  o 
  ...^ 
  v.>.«v^.^o, 
  «.t:uip 
  iciiicu 
  Ks 
  : 
  I 
  was 
  aware 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  Hand 
  tJooM 
  

  

  on 
  the 
  Algae 
  had 
  noted 
  the 
  special 
  localities 
  of 
  each 
  species 
  but 
  I 
  was 
  not 
  aware 
  

  

  that 
  m 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  books, 
  shore 
  lines 
  and 
  limits 
  of 
  plant 
  growth 
  had 
  been 
  made 
  the 
  

   subject 
  of 
  special 
  treatment. 
  This 
  subject 
  may 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  a 
  minor 
  branch 
  of 
  the 
  

   important 
  enquiry 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  geographical 
  distribution 
  of 
  plants." 
  Kemp 
  divides 
  

   the 
  "tidal 
  shore" 
  into 
  "six 
  distinct 
  zones," 
  as 
  follows: 
  (i) 
  the 
  drift 
  or 
  beach 
  zone. 
  

   (2) 
  the 
  Ulva 
  zone. 
  (3) 
  the 
  Fucus 
  zone, 
  (4) 
  the 
  Laminaria 
  zone. 
  (5) 
  the 
  Chondrus 
  

   zone 
  (6) 
  the 
  deep 
  sea 
  zone. 
  The 
  vegetation 
  of 
  these 
  zones 
  he 
  describes 
  in 
  graphic 
  

   detail, 
  both 
  from 
  a 
  floristic 
  and 
  from 
  an 
  ecological 
  point 
  of 
  view, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  connec- 
  

   tion 
  ventures 
  many 
  suggestive 
  observations, 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  following 
  may 
  serve 
  as 
  an 
  

  

  Illustration. 
  Cnmmentir,^ 
  r,., 
  »i 
  j 
  ?_ 
  . 
  ,.. 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  . 
  , 
  . 
  , 
  , 
  . 
  ^ 
  " 
  ""= 
  preuorainance 
  ot 
  Ulva 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  portions 
  of 
  tne 
  

  

  mtertidal 
  region, 
  he 
  remarks: 
  "A 
  reason 
  for 
  this 
  may 
  be 
  that 
  the 
  bright 
  green 
  color 
  

  

  