﻿106 
  Nichols: 
  The 
  vegetation 
  of 
  Connecticut 
  

  

  range 
  for 
  this 
  plant. 
  Locally, 
  however, 
  the 
  rockweeds 
  are 
  scarce 
  

  

  F 
  

  

  or 
  absent, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  mostly 
  in 
  areas 
  of 
  this 
  description, 
  or 
  as 
  epi- 
  

   phytes 
  on 
  the 
  rockweeds, 
  that 
  the 
  various 
  other 
  algae 
  listed 
  below 
  

   occur. 
  Chaetomorpha, 
  Rhizoclonium, 
  and 
  Scytosiphon, 
  however, 
  

   commonly 
  grow 
  in 
  tidal 
  pools. 
  The 
  following 
  seaweeds 
  may 
  be 
  

   regarded 
  as 
  characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  littoral. 
  

  

  Green 
  Algae 
  (Chlorophyceae) 
  

   Bryopsis 
  plumosa 
  . 
  Enieromorpha 
  iniestinalis 
  

  

  Chaetomorpha 
  spp. 
  Rhizoclonium 
  spp. 
  

  

  Enieromorpha 
  clathrata 
  JJlva 
  Lactuca 
  

  

  Brown 
  Algae 
  (Phaeophyceae) 
  

   I 
  Ascophyllum 
  nodosum 
  Phyllitis 
  fascia 
  

  

  Ectocarpus 
  spp. 
  Pylaiella 
  liUoralis 
  

  

  Fucus 
  platycarpiis 
  Ralfsia 
  clavata 
  

  

  Fiicus 
  vesiculosiis 
  Scytosiphon 
  lomenfaritis 
  

  

  Red 
  Algae 
  (Rhodophyceae) 
  

   Ceramium 
  rubrtim 
  Ne^nalion 
  7nuUlfidum 
  

  

  Ceramium 
  strictum 
  Polysiphonia 
  fasiigiala 
  

  

  Hildenbrandtia 
  Prolotypus 
  Porphyra 
  laciniata 
  

  

  Some 
  of 
  these 
  species, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  noted, 
  are 
  also 
  characteristic 
  

  

  upper 
  

  

  f 
  

  

  these 
  sublittoral 
  algae 
  may 
  be 
  represented, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  seldom 
  that 
  

  

  rockweeds 
  

  

  mark.* 
  Aside 
  from 
  the 
  

  

  Porphyr 
  

  

  sometimes 
  

  

  Associations 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  littoral.— 
  The 
  chief 
  factor 
  in 
  limiting 
  

   the 
  upward 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  rockweeds 
  and 
  other 
  seaweeds 
  that 
  

   are 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  littoral, 
  but 
  not 
  in 
  the 
  upper, 
  is 
  dessication. 
  

   Along 
  perpendicular 
  sea 
  walls 
  which 
  are 
  protected 
  from 
  intense 
  

   illumination 
  these 
  plants 
  reach 
  higher 
  levels 
  than 
  along 
  shores 
  

   where 
  they 
  are 
  exposed 
  to 
  strong 
  sunlight. 
  The 
  drying 
  effect 
  of 
  

   air 
  and 
  sun 
  throughout 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  littoral 
  is 
  commonly 
  

   so 
  great 
  that 
  between 
  tides 
  the 
  seaweeds 
  growing 
  here 
  become 
  to 
  all 
  

  

  more 
  

  

  forms 
  become 
  baked 
  tigh 
  t 
  to 
  the 
  rock 
  surface. 
  Very 
  few 
  marine 
  

  

  * 
  Locally, 
  almost 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  here 
  listed 
  as 
  characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  lo^ 
  

   littoral 
  may 
  range 
  downward 
  below 
  mean 
  low 
  tide 
  mark. 
  This 
  is 
  true, 
  for 
  example. 
  

   of 
  both 
  Aicophyllum 
  and 
  Fucus. 
  

  

  