﻿Internal 
  stomata 
  in 
  ericaceous 
  and 
  other 
  unrelated 
  fruits 
  

  

  H. 
  F. 
  Bergman 
  

  

  (with 
  nine 
  text 
  figures) 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  examination 
  of 
  some 
  diseased 
  fruits 
  of 
  the 
  cultivated 
  

   cranberry, 
  Oxy 
  coccus 
  macrocarpus 
  (Ait.) 
  Pers., 
  during 
  the 
  winter 
  

   of 
  1918-19, 
  the 
  writer 
  observed 
  stomata 
  In 
  considerable 
  numbers 
  in 
  

   the 
  endocarp 
  or 
  membrane 
  lining 
  the 
  seed 
  cavity 
  (FiG. 
  i). 
  This 
  

   condition 
  seemed 
  so 
  anomalous 
  that 
  diligent 
  search 
  through 
  the 
  

   literature 
  was 
  made 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  find 
  out 
  if 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  internal 
  

   stomata 
  had 
  previously 
  been 
  noticed 
  and, 
  if 
  so, 
  in 
  what 
  fruits 
  they 
  

   had 
  been 
  reported. 
  Very 
  few 
  definite 
  statements 
  relative 
  to 
  

   internal 
  stomata 
  were 
  found. 
  In 
  the 
  tulip, 
  Tulipa 
  Gesneriana 
  

   L., 
  Czech 
  (i, 
  p. 
  104) 
  reported 
  their 
  occurrence 
  on 
  the 
  margin 
  of 
  

   the 
  seed, 
  thus 
  confirming 
  (p. 
  106) 
  an 
  earlier 
  observation 
  of 
  Th. 
  

   Hartig, 
  and 
  stated 
  that 
  he 
  had 
  found 
  them 
  also 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  side 
  

   of 
  an 
  unripe 
  capsule. 
  Schleiden* 
  had 
  already 
  seen 
  them 
  on 
  the 
  

   integument 
  of 
  the 
  seed 
  in 
  Canna. 
  Weiss 
  (9, 
  p. 
  385) 
  makes 
  the 
  

   following 
  statement 
  concerning 
  stomata: 
  *'dem 
  Fruchtknoten 
  

  

  r 
  

  

  fehlen 
  sle 
  fast 
  nie 
  und 
  kommen 
  auch 
  in 
  der 
  Innerauskleidung 
  

   desselben 
  vor.f 
  desgleichen 
  auf 
  der 
  Testa 
  der 
  Samen." 
  Tschirch 
  

   (8, 
  p. 
  437) 
  writes 
  as 
  follows: 
  "Spaltoffnungen 
  finden 
  sich 
  uberall 
  

   an 
  der 
  Pflanze, 
  wo 
  die 
  Epidermis 
  erhalten 
  ist, 
  nur 
  dem 
  Wurzein 
  

   und 
  den 
  Endosperm 
  fehlen 
  sie 
  ausnahmlos. 
  Man 
  hat 
  sie 
  selbst 
  

   . 
  . 
  . 
  an 
  der 
  inneren 
  Fruchknotenwand 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  gefunden." 
  Aside 
  

   from 
  these 
  statements 
  nothing 
  bearing 
  on 
  internal 
  stomata 
  was 
  to 
  

   be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  literature. 
  Within 
  more 
  recent 
  times, 
  

   however, 
  Winton 
  (lo), 
  from 
  observations 
  made 
  during 
  the 
  study 
  

   of 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  various 
  edible 
  berries 
  used 
  for 
  jams 
  and 
  preserves, 
  

   records 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  stomata 
  in 
  the 
  epidermis 
  o 
  f 
  various 
  fruits. 
  

  

  * 
  See 
  De 
  Bary, 
  Comparative 
  anatomy 
  of 
  the 
  vegetative 
  organs 
  of 
  the 
  phanero- 
  

   gams 
  and 
  ferns, 
  English 
  edition, 
  p. 
  45. 
  footnote, 
  where 
  the 
  citation," 
  Schleiden. 
  

   Beitr. 
  p. 
  lo." 
  is 
  given. 
  Schleiden's 
  work 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  seen 
  by 
  the 
  writer. 
  

  

  t 
  As 
  a 
  footnote 
  here 
  is 
  cited 
  " 
  Krocker, 
  H. 
  De 
  Plantarum 
  Epidermide. 
  Vratis- 
  

   laviae 
  1833. 
  — 
  'Sie 
  kommen 
  da 
  ganz 
  allegemeine 
  vor.'" 
  

  

  213 
  

  

  