﻿514 
  

  

  Nichols: 
  The 
  vegetation 
  of 
  Cokxecticut 
  

  

  ment 
  of 
  weeds. 
  The 
  following 
  plants 
  were 
  noted 
  as 
  frequent 
  or 
  

   common, 
  of 
  the 
  weeds 
  only 
  the 
  more 
  important 
  being 
  listed: 
  

  

  Juniper 
  us 
  virgin 
  lana 
  

  

  * 
  

  

  Poa 
  compressa 
  

   Carex 
  sillcea 
  

   Polygonum 
  aviculare 
  

   Polygonella 
  ariiculata 
  

   Trifolzum 
  arvense 
  

   Lathyriis 
  tnarilimus 
  

   Oenothera 
  sp. 
  

  

  Trichostema 
  dichotomitm 
  

   Linaria 
  vulgaris 
  

   Erigeron 
  canadcjrsis 
  

   Gnaphalium 
  polyccphahim 
  

   Ambrosia 
  artemisiifolia 
  

   Achillea 
  Millefolitim 
  

   Artemisia 
  can 
  data 
  

   Taraxacum 
  officinale 
  

  

  Among 
  other 
  plants 
  which 
  ordinarily 
  occur 
  in 
  similar 
  situations 
  

   elsewhere 
  are 
  the 
  bayberry 
  {Myrica 
  carolinemis), 
  the 
  wild 
  rose 
  

   {Rosa 
  virghiiana), 
  the 
  cherry 
  {Prunus 
  serotina), 
  various 
  species 
  of 
  

   Rhus, 
  and 
  the 
  mullein 
  {Verhasctim 
  Thapsiis). 
  

  

  w 
  

  

  B. 
  Sandy 
  bottoms, 
  beaches, 
  and 
  dunes 
  

   I 
  . 
  Associations 
  of 
  the 
  sublittoral 
  region 
  

  

  Sandy 
  bottoms 
  may 
  be 
  quite 
  barren 
  of 
  vegetation, 
  or 
  they 
  

   may 
  support 
  a 
  usually 
  scattered 
  growth 
  of 
  eel 
  grass 
  {Zostera 
  

   marina). 
  This 
  plant 
  grows 
  most 
  luxuriantly 
  on 
  the 
  muddy 
  bot- 
  

   toms 
  of 
  sheltered 
  waters, 
  and 
  its 
  ecological 
  relations 
  will 
  be 
  dis- 
  

   cussed 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  these; 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  apt 
  to 
  occur, 
  locally 
  at 
  

   any 
  rate, 
  even 
  in 
  exposed 
  situations, 
  wherever 
  there 
  are 
  deposits 
  

   of 
  sand 
  or 
  mud 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  can 
  find 
  foothold 
  for 
  its 
  roots. 
  Sand 
  

   does 
  not 
  afford 
  a 
  favorable 
  substratum 
  for 
  seaweeds 
  ; 
  but 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  

   these 
  are 
  represented 
  by 
  various 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  elsewhere 
  noted 
  

   as 
  characteristic 
  of 
  eroding 
  rocky 
  or 
  stony 
  bottoms, 
  here 
  growing 
  

   attached 
  to 
  shells 
  or 
  scattered 
  stones, 
  and 
  also 
  by 
  forms 
  which 
  

   are 
  epiphytic 
  on 
  the 
  eel 
  grass 
  (see 
  p. 
  523). 
  

  

  2. 
  Associations 
  of 
  the 
  Uttoral 
  and 
  supralittoral 
  regions 
  

  

  Introductory.— 
  Three 
  subdivisions 
  of 
  the 
  beach 
  are 
  commonly 
  

   distinguished 
  : 
  the 
  lower, 
  the 
  middle, 
  and 
  the 
  upper 
  beach. 
  Along 
  

   the 
  seacoast, 
  on 
  sandy 
  (or 
  stony) 
  depositing 
  shores, 
  the 
  lower 
  

   beach 
  coincides 
  approximately 
  (but 
  not 
  exactly) 
  with 
  the 
  littoral 
  

   region, 
  the 
  middle 
  beach 
  with 
  the 
  lower 
  supralittoral, 
  the 
  upper 
  

   beach 
  with 
  the 
  upper 
  supralittoral.* 
  These 
  subdivisions 
  

   well 
  brought 
  out 
  in 
  Fig. 
  i. 
  

  

  are 
  

  

  * 
  Olsson-Seffer 
  ('toa) 
  designates 
  "that 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  beach 
  that 
  lies 
  below 
  

   mean 
  low 
  ude. 
  but 
  which 
  may 
  be 
  exposed 
  by 
  neap 
  [sic] 
  tides" 
  as 
  the 
  "submerged 
  

   beach, 
  and 
  terms 
  the 
  lower 
  beach 
  the 
  ''front 
  beach." 
  

  

  