DopGE: RELATIONSHIPS OF FLORIDEAE AND ASCOMYCETES 159 
less and have probably taken on a respiratory function. It is 
difficult to understand how Fisch could have figured such perfect 
ascogonia and trichogynes without having before him the actual 
structures in question. That he did see ascogonia is attested by 
the very similar structures figured by Blackman and Welsford 
and it is not altogether clear how an ascogonium which lies at the 
very center of the developing perithecium could be uncoiled and 
forced practically to the wall as they describe unless it were con- 
cerned in the production of the ascogenous hyphae which as a fact 
come to occupy much of the central space of the perithecium. 
The first convincing proof that the asci develop from the 
hyphae arising from the ascogonium was furnished by Janczewski 
(56) for Ascobolus furfuraceus (FIG. 9, B), and shortly afterwards 
Borzi (15) found practically identical conditions prevailing in 
Ascophanus pilosus (Lasiobolus equinus). Undoubted connections 
between ascogonia and asci have been traced in a number of species. 
Among the forms in which this connection has been quite satis- 
factorily established we may note the following: Sphaerotheca 
Castagnei (De Bary, 1863), Ascobolus furfuraceus (Janczewski, 
1871), Lasiobolus equinus (Borzi, 1878), Pyronema confluens (Kihl- 
man, 1883), Sphaerotheca Castagnei (Harper, 1895), Ascobolus 
furfuraceus (Harper, 1896), Laboulbenieae (Thaxter, 1896), P-yro- 
nema confluens (Harper, 1900), Poronia punctata (Dawson, 1900), 
Pertusaria communis (Baur, 1901), Gymmnoascus candida (Dale, 
1903), Phyllactinia corylea (Harper, 1905), Ascodesmis nigricans 
(Claussen, 1905), Humaria granulata (Blackman & Fraser, 1906), 
Thelebolus stercorarius (Ramlow, 1906), Thecotheus Pelletieri (Over- 
ton, 1906), Lachnea stercorea (Fraser, 1907), Aspergillus herbari- 
orum (Fraser & Chambers, 1907), Baeomyces roseus (Nienberg, 
1907), Usnea barbata (Nienberg, 1907), Ichmadophila aeruginosa 
(Nienberg, 1907), Aspergillus repens (Dale, 1909), Ascophanus 
carneus (Cutting, 1909), Gnomontia erythrostoma (Brooks, 1910), 
Leotia chlorocephala (Brown, W. H., 1910), Lachnea scutellata 
(Brown, W. H., 1911), Pyronema confluens (Claussen, 1912), 
Ascobolus carbonarius (Dodge, 1912), Laboulbenia chaetophora 
(Faull, 1912), Collema pulposum (Bachmann, 1913), Xylaria 
tentaculata (Brown, H. B., 1913), Lachnea cretea (Fraser, 1913). 
It is certainly one of the best established facts in the mor- 
