DopGE: RELATIONSHIPS OF FLORIDEAE AND ASCOMYCETES 185 
Lachnea stercorea (Fraser, 45) is at no time cleistocarpous, although 
Miss Fraser does describe and figure sterile hyphae enclosing the 
lower part at least of the ascogonium. The hymenial layer is 
however exposed from the first (FIG. 10). Lachnea scutellata (W.H 
Brown, 20) evidently develops along much the same lines judging 
from Brown’s figures and description, “‘when the hymenium is ae 
formed it is covered by the younger setae of the cortex .. . 
Ascobolus magnificus is a further example of the first Eps I 
have already briefly described this species (36) from material grown 
on the natural substratum and it has since been cultivated on 
artificial media for several months seni the structures giving rise 
to the apothecium have been gated. Although 
it does not always fruit abundantly in these cultures still a large 
number of primordia have been obtained and many apothecia 
have been grown to maturity. The stages passed through give 
an excellent illustration of a type in which the hymenium is never 
fully enclosed. The young fruits lie directly on the surface of the 
agar where they may be carefully studied and I have had no diffi- 
culty in arriving at a positive conclusion that in every normal case 
the ascogonium is prolonged into a rather thick septate trichogyne 
whose end cells come down over or coil about the end of a club- 
shaped antheridium which is provided with a stalk of variable 
length, usually one to three cells. I was not able to make out the 
antheridium in my earlier studies on specimens gathered in nature. 
The archicarp and antheridium as far as I have been able to 
determine do not arise from the same hypha but from hyphae 
either running along parallel or crossing at an angle much the 
Same as De Bary and Harper found in the mildews. In several 
Cases two functional ascogonia were seen in sections of young 
apothecia but I suspect that these are merely accidentally included 
in the same fruit body. Several cases have been observed also 
where two ascogonia lie exposed close together on the surface of 
the agar and I have seen not uncommonly two or three additional 
non-functional antheridia growing near the young fruits. 
The ascogonium is exceedingly large, rising upward above the 
surface of the agar in its younger stages, and if undisturbed is found 
maintaining a somewhat vertical position in the young apothecium. 
It not infrequently happens that the ascogonium falls over on the 
