186 DopGE: RELATIONSHIPS OF FLORIDEAE AND ASCOMYCETES 
antheridial branch so that it is not always possible to determine 
the exact origin of the antheridium and it may possibly in some 
cases arise from the same hypha that produces the ascogonium. 
The trichogyne is sharply differentiated from the ascogonium and 
is not merely a tapering elongation of it such as is found in Asco- 
bolus Winteri and A. immersus. It is more nearly like Miss 
Fraser’s figure of Lachnea stercorea (FIG. 10). It is usually com- 
posed of about seven or eight cells, the end cell being much longer, 
and curved about the antheridium. Fic. 11, A, gives one an idea 
of the general arrangement and relationships of the ascogonium, 
trichogyne, antheridium, and the parent hyphae. The “envelop- 
ing hyphae” arise almost entirely from the mycelial hyphae on 
either side of the ascogonium and antheridium and not merely from 
the stalk of the ascogonium as they do quite exclusively in Asco- 
bolus Winteri. Ascogenous hyphae begin to grow out of the 
ascogenous cell sometimes even before any “enveloping hyphae” 
have made their appearance and at no time are the primordia 
and the ascogenous hyphae completely surrounded by a peridial 
layer. Paraphyses, “enveloping hyphae” and ascogenous hyphae 
grow upward together. The apothecium is entirely similar to 
Pyronema in this respect. Fic. 11, A, is a somewhat diagram- 
matic representation of a young apothecium. It will be per- 
ceived by a comparison of Fic. 10 of Lachnea stercorea and this 
figure of Ascobolus magnificus that these two species are very 
similar indeed except for the colored spores of the Ascobolus and 
the hairs on the apethecium of the Lachnea. Their sexual repro- 
duction and the development of the apothecia differ in no impor- 
tant particular. As noted Brown’s figures of a young apothecium 
of Lachnea scutellata show that this species develops in the same 
way. 
The behavior of the sterile or enveloping hyphae in forming the 
apothecium of Ascobolus magnificus is quite different from what it 
is in A. furfuraceus, and resembles more nearly what takes place in 
Lachnea stercorea. The archicarp is considerably raised above the 
surface of the medium by its long stalk very much as are the archi- 
carps of Pyronema. The first growth of “enveloping hyphae” is 
seen to take place about the time the ascogenous hyphae make their 
appearance as papillae on the ascogenous cell. Sterile hyphae 
