412 BICKNELL: FERNS AND FLOWERING PLANTS OF NANTUCKET 
MONOTROPACEAE 
MONOTROPA UNIFLORA L. 
Frequent in pine woodland; under beeches in Quaise; occa- 
sional on the open commons pushing up through the thick carpet- 
ing of bearberry. Not seen farther east than Quaise, nor west of 
Hummock Pond; observed in full flower from early August until 
late in September. On Marthas Vineyard I have seen it in flower 
as early as June 28. Plant often tinged with clear pink. 
* HYPOPITYS AMERICANA (DC.) Small. 
Pine woods towards Surfside, Sept. 8, 1904, passing out of 
bloom. Determined by Doctor Small. Plant pale and yellowish 
throughout, thinly short-pubescent, the stigma not bearded. I 
do not myself well understand this species, never having met with 
it in perfect flowering condition, but the characters adduced by 
Doctor Small appear to be distinctive. 
Hypopitys LANUGINOSA (Michx.) Nutt. 
Common locally among the pines east of Hummock Pond; 
Miacomet Pines; pine grove on Surfside road. Pale yellowish 
throughout, or the stems, especially basally, tinged with light 
yellowish pink; lanate-pubescent, the stigma retrorse-bearded. 
In full flower Aug. 9, 1906, the largest plants 4 dm. high; mostly 
past flowering Sept. 16, 1907. Inflorescence occasionally com- 
pound. The flowering period appears to be considerably earlier 
than that of H. americana. 
Both of these plants occur in pine woods on Marthas Vineyard 
where, also, in deciduous woodland, there is yet a third species, 
smaller and later-flowering, and conspicuous by reason of its 
vivid red color, the shade varying from clear pink to carmine and 
almost scarlet. Other characters combine with size and color to 
mark it a distinct species. Its pubescence is short and close and 
the stigma densely white-bearded; its capsule is small, 4-5 mm. 
long, and ovoid to nearly globose. Its late flowering period is 
noteworthy. On Chappaquiddick Island, as late in the season 
as October 5, 1912, it was only just coming into bloom. On Long 
Island, where H. lanuginosa blooms in July and early in August, 
this red species is not seen at all until about the middle of Sep- 
tember. I have not met with it on Nantucket, but it would 
