RYDBERG: Pry APHICAL NOTES 471 
Achillea subalpina Pseudocymopterus purpureus 
Arnica Parryi *Mertensia alpina 
*Senecio amplectens Mertensia brevistyla 
Oreochrysum Parryi Aster alpinus 
Northern 
Tofieldia palustris Acomastylis sericea 
Juncoides arcticum *Trifolium Haydeni 
Juncoides arcuatum Phacelia alpina 
Juncoides hyperboreum Angelica Roseana 
Juncus biglumis Polemonium viscosum 
Drymocallis pseudorupestris Valeriana septentrionalis 
6. ALPINE BOGS 
The principal hydrophytic formation of the alpine regions are 
the alpine bogs or wet meadows, situated on the mountain sides 
where the drainage is imperfect or where the water supply is 
greatly increased by melting snowdrifts above. These are of two 
kinds, either sedge bogs, where grasses and sedges are predomi- 
nant, or willow hogs where the principal species are shrubs. The 
latter are rare above timber-line in the southern Rockies. 
SEDGE BOGS 
Little needs to be said of the sedge bogs, as they resemble 
similar bogs in any part of the colder regions, only that the indi- 
vidual species vary. With the sedges are usually mixed in a con- 
siderable amount of grasses as Alopecurus aristulatus, Calamagrostis 
Langsdorfii, Poa leptocoma and Poa reflexa, the cotton grass, Erio- 
phorum gracile, and other more conspicuous plants as the little 
red elephant, Elephantella groenlandica. 
The principal plants of this formation are: 
Carex (many species) Calamagrostis Langsdorfit 
*Eriophorum gracile Poa leptocoma 
*Eriophorum polystachyum *Poa reflexa 
*Alopecurus aristulatus *Phleum alpinum 
* These are found only near the timber-line, otherwise belonging to the subalpine 
region. 
