GLEASON AND MCFARLAND: INTRODUCED VEGETATION 517 
Polygonum Convolvulus Brassica arvensis 
Chenopodium album Trifolium pratense 
Silene noctiflora Verbascum Thapsus 
Cerastium vulgatum Achillea Millefolinm 
Lepidium virginicum Taraxacum officinale 
Capsella Bursa-pastoris 
One interesting colony of introduced plants is found in a small 
clearing occupying a somewhat elevated spot in the midst of a 
cedar swamp. An old man has lived there alone for several years, 
but the clearing contained no introduced species until two years 
ago. At that time a small summer cottage was built there, and 
the new additions to the flora were probably brought in in packing 
material. At least most of them are found immediately in front 
of the door, where any goods would probably be unpacked. An 
area not more than a hundred feet in diameter contains 24 species. 
Most of them are found around other clearings also, but among 
them are a few not known to occur elsewhere in the uncultivated 
region. These are: 
Salsola Kali Portulaca oleracea 
var. tenuifolia Solanum nigrum 
Amaranthus blitoides Sonchus asper 
These data summarized indicate that not to exceed 56 species 
out of 120 have succeeded in establishing themselves in the 
Vicinity of the remote dwellings in this uncultivated region, and 
that the largest settlement, with two houses permanently occupied, 
Supports 42 of these. 
THE INTRODUCED FLORA OF HARDWOOD CLEARINGS 
Near the northeastern end of Douglas Lake a large tract of 
beech-maple-hemlock hardwoods was lumbered in the winter of 
T910-I1r and has been left undisturbed since. During the last 
three years the usual clearing vegetation has developed, consisting 
at first of Epilobium angustifolium, Erigeron canadensis, and 
Erechtites hieracifolia, followed by a tangle of Sambucus racemosa, 
Rubus idaeus var. aculeatissimus, and young beech and maple 
saplings. Within this dense vegetation no introduced species is 
found. At intervals small cleared spots, seldom more than twenty 
feet across, mark places where horses were fed or lunches eaten 
