86 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



very thin ccenenchyma. The polyps form whorls ou the stem at intervals of 

 3 to 4 mm. The first whorls, which arise high up on the stem, contain only two 

 opposite polyps, the next three, then four, sometimes five. The calyces themselves are 

 high, cup-shaped, 1"5 to 2 mm. long. The calyx scales are large, from the dorsal side 

 only two longitudinal rows are visible, which form seven to eight transverse rows. 

 The ventral scales consist only of one row of very thin, transparent little plates, whose 

 edges are covered by the side edges of the lateral- scales. The opercular scales are 

 large, arched, pointed, the two ventral ones are the smallest. When laid together they 

 form a sharp cone. 



Calyx scales four-cornered, broader than high, those of the uppermost row with 

 strongly convex upper and lower edges, which are strongly toothed. Height to breadth, 

 0-3-0-3 ; 0-2-0-33 ; 0-2-0-3 ; 0-2-0-25 mm. Opercular scales ; dorsal 0-27-0-13 mm.; 

 lateral 0'2— 0'08 mm.; ventral 0*12— 0'05 mm. Ccenenchyma spicules, irregularly 

 polygonal or oval little plates, 0"15— 0'2 ; 0"2— 0'12 mm. 



Habitat. — Station 23, ofi" Sombrero, West Indies ; depth, 450 fathoms ; bottom, 

 Pteropod ooze. One specimen. 



Station 122a— c, off' Pernambuco ; depth, 120 to 400 fathoms ; bottom, red mud. 

 Four specimens. 



[Lat. 22' 21' S., long. 154" 17' 5" E.; depth, 550 fathoms; bottom, Globigerina 

 ooze (" Gazelle ").] 



Primnoella grandisqiiamis, n. sp. (PL XYII. fig. 4 ; PI. XXI. fig. 13). 



A long stem, flexible in all dii'ections, the root of which is wanting, bears whorls of 



four to six polyps, which surround the stem at tolerable intervals from one another. 



The calyces are covered with two dorsal rows of large scales. The spicules of the 



operculum are, in contrast to those of the foregoing species, small, and not prominent 



in the bent-in calyces. The stem has a length of 39 mm., but the upper and lower 



ends are wanting. The axis is of thread-like thinness, only 0'5 mm. in diameter when 



covered with the ccenenchyma, it is entirely horny arid movable in every direction, in 



fluid it has a tendency to roll together spirally. The polyps form whorls of four, 



five, or six around the stem ; the whorls are tolerably far apart from one another, so 



that from the calycine apices of one whorl to the bases of the next there is an 



interval of 1'5 to 2 mm. The calyces themselves have a tolerably uniform thickness 



throughout their length, only somewhat thicker towards the mouth. Their length 



reaches 1'5 mm., their diameter up to 07 mm. Whorls of new young polyp buds are 



often visible in the internodes. The scales of the calyx are very large, transversely 



elongated. Dorsally only two longitudinal rows are recognisable, of which the lateral 



edges of one row always overlap those of the other. There are seven transverse rows 



