234 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



ccEnenchyma as longitudinally disposed spicules, the one end is usually blunt and the 

 projecting end sharp; they measure 1 to 0'9 mm. in length by O'l mm. in thickness. 



The collar below the origin of the tentacles consists of delicate, purplish-red, curved 

 spindles, covered with tine, sharp spines, seldom further toothed. They measure from 

 point to point 07 by 0-04.'3 ; 0-67 by 0-08 mm. 



In the tentacles the purple, rarely yellow^, spicules are straight or very slightly bent ; 

 they are sharp at one end, blunt at the other, and covered with fine spines. Size, 

 0-54 by 0-03 ; 0-5 by 0-05 mm. 



The colour of the stem, branches, and twigs is yellowish-white ; the tentacular portion 

 of the polyps is purple. 



In the structure of the polyps the species shows a great similarity to the preceding, 

 but is distinguished, apart from the ramification, especially by the stouter and differently 

 arranged spicules in the stem. 



Habitat. — Station 232, Hyaloiiema-giomiA., Japan; depth, 345 fathoms. 



Chironephtliya crussa, n. sp. (PI. XXXVIII. fig. 3, from an imperfect specimen). 



The stout main stem, which is attached by a membranous base, gradually diminishes 

 in size and gives off, after only a short course, a few thick, simjile l;>ranches arising at 

 various angles. The main stem, like the branches, is covered, from the point of origin of 

 the first twig upwards, with spirally arranged polyps placed at wide intervals from one 

 another and more closely packed at its end. The polyps have large, oblicj[uely projecting 

 calyces, above which there rises a conical tentacular operculum. The polyps are consider- 

 ably larger than in the two preceding species. 



Height of a colony iu which the ape.^: is wanting, 

 Height of the barren portion of the stem. 

 Diameter of the stem above the base. 

 Diameter in the middle. 

 Length of the branches, 

 Diameter of the same, 



69 mm. 



20 „ 

 15 „ 

 10 „ 

 20 „ 

 4-6 ,. 



The colony does not present quite the same rigid consistence as in the two preceding 

 species. The stem and branches are hence somewhat shrivelled and collapsed in the 

 specimens preserved in spirit, and the branches also show a slight flexibility. The barren 

 portion of the stem is very thick, and after extending for only a slight distance it gives 

 off at an acute angle a cylindrical branch. In its further course only a few (viz., five), 

 more branches follow ; these are all stout, unramified, and nearly cylindrical, diminishing 

 only slightly in size towards the apex. The polyj^s commence to appear on the stem 

 immediately after the giving off of its first branch ; they are placed at distances of 4 to 

 2 mm. On the branches they form irregular spirals, which become closer towards the 



