1886. ] Himalayan Spruce-fir (Abies smithiana). 11 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES, 
PrAtTE, 1. 
1. Outline sketch, natural size, of three affected shoots (zcidinm), 
2. Needle showing fully developed ecidial fructification, about twice the 
natural size : ecidia in two rows on upper surface, excepting one at a on the lower 
surface. 
3. Young ecidium emerging through a rent in the epidermis, with two sper- 
magonia—slightly magnified. 
4, Showing mode in which pseudoperidium bursts: slightly magnified. 
5. Matting of mycelial filaments on surface of a parenchyma cell x 250, 
Transverse section. 
6. The same x 250. Longitudinal section. 
7. Alcidiospore x 580. 
8. Aicidiospores with intercalary cells towards base of a series x 450, 
9. Fragments of hyphe in an air space x 450. 
~ 10. Spermatia x 580. 
11. Haustorium in transverse section within a parenchyma cell x 250 (uredinal 
affection). 
Prats II. 
12. Spermagonium : transverse section x 250. 
13. a. Portions of hyphze from a longitudinal section of needle affected with 
uredinal fungus x 250. 6. The same x 580. 
14. Convoluted mass of mycelium between parenchyma cells (uredo) x 430, 
Transverse section. 
15. a. Basal cubical cells with nuclei (nucleus dividing in one which springs 
directly from a hypha) x 580. 6. Round basal cells in series x 580. c, Basal 
cells with finger-like protrusions preparatory to formation of spores x 580. d. 
Free uredo-spores x 580. 
16. Peridial cells x 340. 
Prate III (Photographs). 
17. General appearance of young shoots in an early stage of infection by the 
eecidial fungus, before the pustules have protruded through the epidermis. 
18. The same when the fungus is fully developed. 
19. General appearance of a shoot attacked by the uredinal fungus : fully deve- 
loped. 
20. Appearance of withered and dried up shoot after the death of the fungus. 
(N. B. The four preceding figures about 3 natural size.) 
21. Transverse section of normal needle of Abies smithiana, 
22. Transverse section of needle affected by wcidial fungus (the peridium with 
the enclosed eecidiospores has accidentally become detached). 
23. Transverse section of needle affected by uredinal fungus showing four beds 
of spores. SAD ace 
24. Transverse section of needle affected by Chrysomyxa abietis (?) intro- 
duced for comparison with Figs. 22 and 23 as practically normal in all respects 
excepting the protruding fructification. 
(N. B. The three preceding figures all magnified to the same extent.) 
25. Transverse section of needle affected with uredinal fungus more highly mag- 
nified than Fig. 23 and illustrating several points referred to in the text ; more 
especially the dislocation of the parenchyma cells and the comparatively undisturbed 
condition of the tissues within the endodermal sheath. 
pe NN NENA NELLIE LI 
