FULGORA. 183 



Type, F. candelaria, Linn. 



DistrihutioH. Oriental and Malayan Eegions, exten ng north to 

 China. 



There have been some renewed attempts to supplant the name 

 of this well-known and interesting genus, which if there was 

 sufficient ground for so doing would still be a misfortune in 

 nomenclature. In 1764 Linnreus proposed his genus Lateniaria, 

 which Kirkaldy affirms is a synonym of Fulr/ora, Linn. (1767), and 

 which he rejects as lacking description. But Linnaeus denoted 

 Lateniaria by reference to figures in Merian and Rose!, and fixing 

 the type as L. phosphorea^ Linn., afterwards referred to it under 

 FnJgora (1867) as laternaria, Linn. It certainly seems pedantry 

 to refuse to recognize any old genus fixed by reference to 

 good figures, and to put in its place one only insufficiently and 

 vaguely described, as was usual in the writings of the early 

 entomologists. Moreover, Laternaria represents a genus of 

 ]Veotropical insects possessing a striking and peculiar facies, not 

 in any way to be confused with that of Fulr/ora. I have given a 

 synopsis of the species of Laternaria (cf. Biol. Centr.-Amer., 

 Ehynch. Horn, i, p. 22, ]883). Fulgora, Linn. (1767), has its type 

 in F. candelaria, Linn., the second species previously included in 

 Laternaria (1764). Amyot and Serville (1843), not recognizing 

 Laternaria, proposed the genus Hotinus and as its type candelarius, 

 a course previously adopted by Spinola (1839), when he used the 

 same species as the type of the first division of his genus Pyrops. 

 . Westwood, Stal, Butler, Atkinson, and the present writer have 

 always recognized the genus as Fulr/ora, and by this name there is 

 abundant reference to it in natural histor}'^ publications. 



Fulr/ora, as described by Stal, is to be recognized by the "vertex 

 nmch broader than the eyes ; liead furnished with a long process, 

 rounded or subtetragoual ; genie truncated before the eyes ; front 

 slightly sinuated at apex, furnished with 2-3 longitudinal ridges ; 

 legs slender ; mesouotum (scutellum of 8tal) slightly cariuate ; 

 cephalic process more or less curved." Other characters are given 

 in the generic synopsis {ante, p. 179). 



I. Apex of cephalic process not strongly globose. 



A. Wings ocliraceous ivltli the apicrd areas hlach. 



a. Head and cephalic process ochraceoiis, measured from apex 

 to eyes as long as from anterior margin of mesonotum to 

 abrlominal apex. 



1687. Fulgora candelaria, Linn. (Cicada) Ada Holm. p. 63, t. i, ff. 5 & 

 6 (1746) ; id. (Laternaria) Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 153 (1764) ; id. 

 (Fulgora) Syst. Xat. (ed. xii.) i, p. 703 (1767) ; F(d)r. Si/st. Ent. 

 p. 673 (1775) ; Oliv. Enc. Meth.Vi, pp. 568 & 593, t. cix, f. 3 (1790) ; 

 Oerm. (Flata) Mar/, iii, p. 189 (1818) ; S/mi. (Pyropsj Ann. Sac. 



