22 KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 
Depth, Thickness, 
Teet. feet. 
610 10 Light gray limestone. 
615 5 Dark soapstone. 
630, 15 Dark shale. 
637 7 Gray limestone. 
642 5 Black flint (chert). 
* CONE-IN-CONE”’ (AN IMPURE CALCITE). 
By H. J. HARNuy, McPherson, Kan. Read before the Academy January 3, 1896. 
I have been unable to determine who first named this peculiar variety of im- 
pure calcite ‘‘ cone-in-cone.’’ The name has apparently grown out of its peculiar 
structure, for ‘‘ cone-in-cone’’ in fact it seems to be. 
My attention was first called to the mineral about three years ago. Some 
took it to be fossil wood, which in some respects it resembles; others boring 
through it in well-making took it for a bed of bones, while still others supposed 
it to be a distinctive mineral, possibly new. During the summer of 1893 I found 
it in place in various localities in the northwestern part of McPherson county 
and the southeastern part of Ellsworth county. It is reported to -be found in 
Lincoln and Russell counties. During the past summer I found it in two locali- 
ties in Washington county. 
In McPherson and Ellsworth counties, where I have seen it in place in many 
localities, it is found always to occupy the same relative position, underlying the 
Dakota sandstone and clay, and overlying a bed of shells which varies from a 
fraction of an inch to two or three inches in thickness. Underlying the bed of 
shells there is a stratum of clay of considerable thickness, and rich in gypsum 
crystals. I have found in it almost perfect individual crystals seven inches long. 
Beneath the clay there is red shale. 
The cone-in-cone varies from less than an inch to six or seven inches in thick- 
ness. In Washington county it immediately underlies the Fort Benton limestone. 
Being desirous to know more definitely what the substance is, I had several 
analyses made of it. They all agree in making it a calcite with some SiOe, FesOs, 
AlsOs, as impurities; the purer specimens giving the regular calcite analysis with 
but slight impurities. The following are the results of the analyses: 
SiOz from 1.4 to 5.84 per cent. 
Fe:03 and AlsOs from 1.2 to 2.62 per cent. 
CaO from 54.13 to 54.64 per cent. 
COz from 33.07 to 42.06 per cent. 
MgO from .0 to 2.76 per cent. 
and traces of several other compounds. 
No fossils were found in the cone-in-cone itself. It seems evident that it was 
deposited from a water solution, probably at the time when the seas were drying 
up, so that the water became saturated and the animal life destroyed. The pe- 
culiar almost constant cone structure is harder to explain, but most probably is 
due to the impurities. 
