78 | KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 
46, Irtace®. 50. CyYPERACE®. 
163. Sisyrhinchium bermudiana, var. 172. Cyperus filiculmis. 
47. Liviacem. Ol. GRAMINE®. 
164. Allium cernuum. 173. Setaria viridis. 
165. Allium mutabile. 174. Buchloe dactyloides. 
166. Allium vineale. 175. Panicum glabrum. 
167. Nothoscordum striatum. . 176. Panicum sanguinale. 
168. Androstephium violaceum. 177. Panicum proliferum. 
169. Yucca angustifolia. 178. Panicum capillare. 
48. CoMMELINACE®. 179. Cenchrus tribuloides. 
180. Aristida oligantha. 
181. Aristida purpurea. 
49, ALISMACE®. 182. Eragrostis pectinacea spectabilis. 
171. Sagittaria variabilis. 183. Elymus sitanion. ; 
170. Tradescantia virginica. 
THE TIMBERED MOUNDS OF THE KAW RESERVATION. 
By C. N. Gounp, Winfield, Kan. Read before the Academy December 31, 1896. 
About three miles south of the territory line and eight miles south of Maple 
City, Kan., are situated several hills on which are located what are known locally 
as ‘*The Timbered Mounds.” They are situated some half mile east’of the junc- 
tion of Myers creek and Little Beaver. 
The hills in all the region consist of massive ledges of limestone, containing 
much flint and alternating strata of gray and drab shale. Near the base of the 
hill the prominent ledge on both sides of the creek is the Strong flint of Prosser, 
beneath which is a ledge of massive sandstone. The ledge capping the hills is 
the Fort Riley or Florence flint. It is on the last-named ledge that the ‘‘ Mounds”’ 
are located. 
In some bygone age the region has doubtless been inhabited by a race who 
used these hills for some purpose. On a crescent-shaped ridge about a half a 
mile long and from 50 to 150 feet wide the hard but brittle limestone has been 
quarried in great quantities, and has apparently been piled up in the form of 
rude edifices, which have long since crumbled down. The stones which com- 
posed these buildings seem to have been broken out of the ledge at intervals and 
without regularity of size. In shape they are flat, not more than six inches thick, 
and usually longer than broad. There are none that a strong man cannot lift. 
In certain areas of perhaps half an acre the loose rocks cover the ground to a 
depth of three to four feet. It is in these places, protected from fire, that a few 
dwarfed trees are growing. These trees —ash, elm, and hackberry— have given 
the name ‘“‘ Timbered Mounds ”’ to the hills. 
The edifices which have fallen down appear to have been either square or 
circular, with a ground diameter of from 5 to 15 feet. In several places can be 
noticed the faint outlines of structure, but usually the rocks are piled in shape- 
less heaps. One peculiarity is that so far as noticed all the buildings seem to 
have fallen toward the center as though they had sloped inward like an Hsqui- 
maux hut. Occasionally there will be a space in the center not covered with rock 
as if the wall was not high enough to reach the center when it fell. In several 
places along the brow of the hill are noticed a row of shapeless heaps of stone 8 
