124 5 KANSAS UNIVERSITY QUARTERLY. 
is separated from the main escarpment by a short gap. Its height 
above the lowest place in the gap is 150 feet, and its elevation 
above the river is considerably more. Just how far west along the 
Cimarron the gypsum is found I am unable to say. Cragin has 
reported it at Heman, near the county line (vide Prosser ibid, p. 
gt). I have indicated on the map by a dotted line its probable 
connection with the gypsum in Kansas. 
The ‘‘breaks’” which I have previously.spoken of as trending 
around the heads of the tributaries of the Salt Fork from the south 
approach the river east of Alva several miles, so that at Alva the 
valley is narrowed to about three miles in width. West of Alva 
the country is more rugged, being broken by canons, and the clay 
and sandstones are seen sculptured into flat topped terraced hills. 
Near the west border of the county there is a prominent escarpment 
which I have seen from a distance. 1am told that it contains a 
ledge of gypsum. Red Hill, shown on the maps of Oklahoma, is 
a portion of this escarpment. In drawing the broken line connect- 
ing the gypsum horizon in Kansas with the known portion in 
Oklahoma, I referred to this escarpment in so far as possible. 
The Pleistocene deposists are not shown on the map, but are 
nearly everywhere present. They consist of clay and sand, mixed 
with a varying amount of gravel. The clay has a red appearance, 
as if derived from the Red Beds. The sand, however, is coarse 
and quartzitic, and the pebbles are frequently variable in size and 
very variable in character, being quartzitic, felspathic, granitic, 
etc., while occasionally I found cherts which contained fragments 
of fossils, such as might have been derived from a carboniferous 
limestone. Near the crest of the divide I have seen small areas of 
irregularly bedded sandstone which was loosely cemented. Near 
by the canons contained large gravel, left behind from the erosion 
of the Pieistocene. #/efhas remains, although usually poorly 
preserved, are relatively abundant. As many as ten different finds 
being reported from the area here described. 
