136 
Transactions. 
Gael, the Romans, the Teuton or ancient Saxon with a sprinkling 
of Norse, the Irish Celt, and the Anglo-Saxon, have each left 
some record of their history in the names they gave to the sites 
and surroundings where they had found a home. 
Whenever we 
attempt to make an analysis of local names we find that by far 
the greater number contain two component elements, one of these 
which in Gaelic names is generally the prefix, and in Teutonic 
names the suffix, in some general term meaning island, river, 
mountain, dwelling, or inclosure, as the case may be. The 
following are the Gaelic prefixes, with their English corruptions 
and significations, which occur most frequently throughont 
Galloway :— 
English Corruptions. 
Gaelic Prefixes. 
English Significations. 
Ach, Auch, Achen, 
Auchen, Auchin 
Dal 
May, Mach, Meath 
Aird, Ard 
Bal, Bel 
Bar, Barra 
Ben 
Carn, Cairn 
Blair 
Car, Com, Crum 
Cory, Corrie, Cors 
Coul, Cull 
Craig, Craigie 
Drum, Drym, Drem 
Doun, Doon, Dum 
Larg 
Garv, Gar, Garron 
Glen 
Strath 
Kil, Killy, Kelly, 
Killie 
Knock 
Loch, Lochen 
Lag, Logan 
Mon 
Tor 
Pol 
Rie, Arie 
Achadh, often con- 
tracted to Ach and 
Acha 
Dail 
Magh, Machair 
Aird, Airde, Ard 
Baile 
Barr 
Beinn 
Carn 
Blar 
Cam, Car, Crom 
Coire 
Cul 
Creag, Craigie, Crea- 
geach 
Druim 
Dun 
Learg 
Garhh 
Gleann 
Srath 
Coille 
Cnoe 
Loch, Lochan 
Lag, Lagan 
Monadh 
Torr 
Poll 
Ruighe, Airidh 
A field 
A field 
A plain, a field 
Height, lofty, elevation 
A town, farm, hamlet, or 
home 
A point, an extremity 
A mountain 
A mountain, also a monu- 
mental heap of stones 
A battle, a battlefield, 
also a plain 
A bend, crooked, curved 
A ravine, a deep hollow 
The back, a back-lying 
place 
A rock, a rocky place 
A ridge 
A castle, a fort, a mound 
The side of a hill, the 
slope of a hill, rising 
ground 
Rough, roughness 
A small valley 
A larger valley 
A wood 
A knoll 
A lake, a small lake 
A hollow, a small hollow 
A hill 
A conical hill 
A pool, a marsh 
A shealing, place of sum- 
mer pasture 
The first to be noticed is the English corruptions of the Gaelic 
