Transactions. 49 
type. But its fellow-group of four plain concentric rings, without 
central or any other cup, makes a valuable addition to our Kirk- 
cudbrightshire types. Slightly further to the south-west a similar 
group of plain concentric rings—five in number—occurs. The 
diameter of the largest ring in both these groups is 18 inches, 
while the smallest is 3 inches wide. The sculpturings I have 
hitherto described are collected within a very small area on the 
east bank of the Dee: say, from Bombie straight south to the 
- coast where is the site of Raeberry Castle—a distance of rather 
over four miles, and a breadth of country not more than two— 
2.€., between the Parish of Rerwick on the east and The Manx- 
man’s Lake on the west—at most, an area of not more than eight 
square miles. Within this area it is also noteworthy that no 
fewer than twelve ancient camps, forts, castles, or villages can be 
traced ; so that it is manifestly almost impossible that any cup 
and ring marks should occur more than one mile away from such 
camps or villages. That they are not found always in proximity 
to such remains I can prove from personal observation, as e.g., at 
Borness in Borgue, where, within a few yards of the famous bone- 
cave, the moats of an old fort are perfectly visible; and in Bal- 
maghie, at Edgarton and Dunnance, where there are two moats 
within a mile of each other ; but neither at or near any of these 
places is there a sign of cup or ring, and indeed little, if any, of 
the hard, smooth glaciated whinstone is found there either. 
The country on the west of the Dee has not yet yielded so large 
a crop of good results. There are, however, one or two suggestive 
sculpturings to be seen on rocks in sitw here as well as in the 
Dunrod locality, which seems to have been specially favoured in 
this matter. On the farm of Brighouse, in a field behind the 
smithy, at Clachandolly, in Borgue, is a bare piece of rock, long 
exposed, and showing a design of which I give a representation 
on Pl. VI. There are two curious points in this petroglyph. 
First, the size and importance of the oblong cuttings, the larger 
being seven inches by four inches (taking the outside groove) ; 
and then the peculiar effect obtained in the two upper ring-groups, 
by leaving the stone at its natural level where the rings stop. 
There is no groove cut down, as in the third or south ring, but a 
broad clear space simply left intact. There is also apparently a 
point of minor interest in the arrangement of several cups on the 
_ line of the outermost circle in the large group, and what looks 
like an attempt—and a bad one—to cut a circle of cups round 
7 
