156 TRANSACTIONS. 
An interesting field of comparison is opened up by a table 
given by Dr Burnside regarding the number of persons engaged in 
different trades in the town. ‘The statistics are derived, as regards 
the trades, from the books of the incorporations, and as regards 
the others, it is supposed, from personal information. Unfortu- 
nately, the statistics regarding the occupations of the community in 
the census returns are given not for the parish, as Dr Burnside 
gives them, but for the parliamentary burgh. An exact compari- 
son is therefore unattainable. The respective numbers, however, 
may be of some value as indicating any marked changes, and 
therefore I give them : 
Per Cent. Per Cent. 
1791. of Pop. 1881. | of Pop. 
Hammermen (blacksmiths, whitesmiths, 
tinsmiths, coppersmiths, and saddlers) 70 1 133 7 
Squaremen (joiners, cabinetmakers, 
masons, glaziers, coopers, and slaters) 220 3 391 2 
Tailors Br * we an a, SD 1 186 1 
Shoemakers ... aS aU ea aa a0 3 148 8 
Skinners and glovers 5.36 Bea) 3 26 1 
Fleshers Sis bak 53 ce HG “USS 4 81 4 
Tanners, nailers, plumbers, brassfounders, 
silversmiths, watchmakers, dyers, and 
not incorporated ne we ws LOO 1-4 134 3 
Bakers fs a ace bee see oO 3 116 6 
Stocking-weavers ... oc ae we OU — -— — 
Writers za ok oe i Ra a — 31 — 
Physicians and surgeons fi a3 + — 29 -- 
Ministers oe A ae ee 8 = 30 -— 
Apothecaries... + a 29 -- 
These figures are very much what might be expected. There is in 
proportion to the population employment for fewer artisans now 
than there was a hundred years ago. The much larger production 
is more than counter-balanced by the amount of work done by 
machinery. Notably, the trade of shoemaker has undergone a very 
great diminution. On the other hand, bakers are twice as numerous 
as formerly, a fact no doubt to be accounted for by the much 
smaller amount of oat cakes and other kinds of bread now made at 
home. It is very remarkable that the additional 10,000 of the 
population requires no more writers. It is also noteworthy that 
while the population has more than doubled, doctors have been 
multiplied sevenfold, ministers threefold, and apothecaries seven- 
fold. The decrease in the number of men employed in the older 
trades is more than made up for by the number of new employ- 
