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part of the Whitehaven Hematite Mining District, where so many- 

 explorations have been made by boring and sinking, that a very 

 accurate idea of the disposition of the Glacial deposits can be 

 formed. On the seaward side of valleys on the line of strike, the 

 rocks may be concealed only by a thin layer of the Upper Boulder 

 Clay, whilst on the opposite side of such valley there may be an 

 immense deposit representing each of the three divisions. 



In the valleys winding through the mountainous part of the 

 district, I have never seen the tripartite arrangement of the deposits. 

 Isolated patches of boulder clay occur here and there, having 

 sometimes the characters of the Lower Boulder Clay, at others 

 resembUng the Upper Clay ; but the more prominent deposits in 

 these valleys assume the form either of mounds of sand and gravel 

 or of moraines. 



One of these sand and gravel deposits may be seen in the Vale 

 of Keswick, near Castle Head. A section of it is given in Fig. 7. 

 Another occurs in the Vale of Lorton, and is represented in section 

 by Fig. 8, and they may be found more or less frequently in almost 

 every valley in the hilly part of the district. 



Similar accumulations, but generally of much greater extent, are 

 frequently met with where these valleys open out on to the lower 

 ground. In the mouth of Whicham Valley there is a large mound- 

 like mass of sand and gravel, and several smaller ones near it. At 

 Ullock there are numerous mounds of the same kind, one of them 

 forming a dam to Mockerkin Tarn. In the mouth of Ennerdale 

 there are a number of like deposits, and they may be found almost 

 everywhere in similar situations. As a rule, they occur mainly on 

 one side of the valley. For instance, the deposit in Whicham 

 Valley lies close up to the side of Black Comb, the other side of 

 the valley being almost free. The deposits in the mouth of Enner- 

 dale occur on the same relative side of that valley, that is, on the 

 the north side. A like relation exists in the Ullock deposits. 



Sometimes in the lower ground lying between the hills and the 

 sea, where valleys open out on to lower ground still, similar 



