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NOTES ON THE FLORA OF THE ULLSWATER 

 DISTRICT. 



By WILLIAM HODGSON. 



(Read at Penrith, 1 882 J 



The boundaries of the district referred to in these notes may be 

 briefly described as coinciding with the water-shed of the lake and 

 its tributaries. This area comprises portions of the two counties 

 of Cumberland and Westmorland, the latter county claiming 

 precedence in point of extent. It embraces The entire parishes of 

 Patterdale and Martindale, and the upper part of Barton ; the 

 whole of Watermillock, a considerable portion of Matterdale, and 

 the western extremity of Dacre. 



Portions of Watermillock and Dacre towards the lower end of 

 the lake rest upon the Old Red Sandstone conglomerate. On 

 Moordivock the Mountain Limestone forms the surface, but the 

 major portion of the rugged hills that embosom the lake are of 

 volcanic origin. 



The arable portion of the district has, within my experience, 

 undergone considerable modifications. Extensive tracts of common, 

 inclosed rather more than fifty years ago, had been brought under 

 tillage just previous to my first sojourn in Watermillock. Large 

 crops were raised upon the virgin soil, which, in a few years, 

 began to decline, until gradually the cultivation of cereals was 

 abandoned, and the numerous Cruciferae, Papaveraceae, and other 

 crop-weed.s, have, in consequence, almost entirely disappeared. The 

 district is peculiarly rich in grasses, sedges, rushes, and sub-aquatic 



