163 



ON THE GEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE 



OF THE FORMER EXTENSION OF COAL MEASURES 



OVER EDENSIDE. 



By J. G. GOODCHILD, of the Geological Survey of England. 



(Communicated at the Carlisle Annual Meeting, by permission of 

 the Director General of the Geological Survey.) 



In 1870, after having been engaged for several years in elaborating 

 the Geological Survey of the Carboniferous rocks around the head 

 waters of the Eden, Lune, Yore, Swale, Rawtha, Dee, and Clough, 

 that portion of the Survey was so far completed that the work 

 began to be pushed northward in the direction of the Westmorland 

 boundary in the neighbourhood of Stainmoor, preparatory to 

 attacking the complicated piece of geology extending thence along 

 the foot of the Black Fell sides past Murton, Dufton, Knock, 

 Milburn, Kirkland and Melmerby, to Renwick. 



The highly detailed character of the observations my official 

 duties had required me to make, had already enabled me to obtain 

 an intimate acquaintance with the characteristics of each individual 

 member of the Carboniferous series occurring within the area 

 referred to — a kind of knowledge that was absolutely necessary for 

 anyone to possess that was about to undertake the unravelling of 

 the complicated tract that was to be examined next. 



The part of the district about to be especially referred to in 



