164 



this communication, is that upper part of Edenside lying to the 

 east of a line joining Kirkby Stephen and Brough, and nearly 

 included within the limits of the Six-inch maps 17 and 24 of the 

 Ordnance- and of the Geological Survey of Westmorland. 



The detailed description of this extremely complicated district 

 will, of course, be reserved for the official memoir in preparation ; 

 but as there are several structural peculiarities found there that are 

 imperfectly understood even yet by many professional geologists, 

 and as it is only by a thorough comprehension of the nature of these 

 structural characteristics that the subject to be presently referred 

 to can be correctly understood, I venture to preface the remarks 

 that, with the permission of the Director General of the Geological 

 Survey, I am allowed to lay before the Cumberland Association in 

 this paper, with such an exposition of the more complex of these 

 phenomena as may serve the twofold purpose of leading up to the 

 more technical description to be given in the Survey Memoir, and 

 of rendering the principal subject of the present communication 

 more intelligible to the general reader. 



The district in question is traversed by a portion of the great 

 and complex series of derangements of strata that are referred to 

 collectively under the name of the Pennine Fault. This, as has 

 long been known, traverses the rock.'; over a large area in the 

 North-west of England as an irregular line, or narrow zone, whose 

 general course, seen in plan, may be described as resembling the 

 outline of the letter 2- The lower limb of the Z corresponds in 

 a general way with what is known as the Craven Fault. This, in 

 the neighbourhood of Ingleton and Kirkby Lonsdale sends off two 

 important branches towards the North-east, represented by the 

 middle portion of the letter. The general character of these was 

 described many years ago in the Explanation of Quarter Sheet 

 98SE of the Geological Survey. Of these two faults, the one we 

 are at present most concerned with is the fault described as ranging 

 past Barbon Fell, Dent, Sedbergh, Cautla, Clouds, and across the 

 Eden at Mallerstang Foot to Nateby and Harcla. Along this part 

 of its course it has been called the Dent- Kirkby Stephen Fault, 

 and it has been shewn by Sedgwick and others to produce a net 



