10 



and Cardurnock ; those from glen, as Lamplugh, formerly Glan- 

 ploiigh, Glencoin, Glenridding, Glenderaterra, and Glenderamakin ; 

 in dun, as Dundraw. Then we have two names of a religious 

 origin, Gilcrux and Gilgarron, properly Cilcrux and Cilgarron, 

 from Cymric cyl, chapel, the former being the " chapel of the 

 cross," and the latter being from Gerain, the name of a Cymric 

 saint. 



Neither do the traces of the Anglo-Saxons appear to be very 

 considerable in either of these two counties. There is in Cumber- 

 land a cluster of names along the coast in a line from Workington 

 to St. Bees, as Harrington, Distington, Hensingham, Frizington, 

 etc., all of which the medial ing shews to be Anglo-Saxon. Mr. 

 Kemble has shewn that the earliest Saxon occupation of England 

 proceeded by little clans or families, of which ing, signifying son, 

 descendant, was the characteristic sign in place-names, and he has 

 classed our names as some that might be of the same kind. But this, 

 it seems to me, is extremely doubtful — it would depend upon the 

 ancient forms of these names, of which we are entirely ignorant. 

 If the ancient form of Hensingham for instance, were Hensingaham, 

 it would shew it to be one of these gentile or family names, other- 

 wise the ing may only be a possessive indicating proprietorship. 

 In any case it seems to me hardly reasonable to suppose that there 

 could be any Anglo-Saxon settlements in Cumberland at such an 

 early date, for all those family settlements referred to by Kemble 

 seem to have been made in pre-Christian times, and it seems more 

 probable that all these settlements on the Cumberland coast might 

 be made at the same time and under the same auspices as that of 

 the restoration of the religious house of St. Bees after the 

 conquest. 



Workington I should rather suppose to be properly Wokington, 

 the Wokings being a clan or family found elsewhere in England, 

 and whence the name of Woking in Surrey, though Workington is 

 not impossible. Harrington was anciently Haverington, and 

 would be perhaps more properly Everington, from the man's name 

 Evor, signifying boar, common in A.S. times, and whence we have 



