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many names which though they may more probably be Scandinavian, 

 yet which we have no right, judging by the names themselves, to 

 pronounce to be such. Yet there are some distinctively Scandin- 

 avian names about which there can be no mistake, such as Ketil, 

 Ulf, Orm, Dolfin, Thurstan, Thorfinn. The name Ketil, which 

 which was from a mythological origin, is found in Kettleside, 

 Kettlewell, Kelton (formerly Ketilton), and I venture to think also 

 in Keswick for Kelswick. Among the Northmen themselves Ketil 

 was frequently, on the principle of contraction to which I before 

 alluded, made into Kel, and I think that Keswick is Ketilswick, 

 from the little bay (O.N. vie) which forms at present the harbour 

 for its boats. From Ulf and Orm, the Scandinavian forms of Wulf 

 and Worm (snake), we have respectively Ullswater (Ulfswater), 

 Ullthwaite, Ulpha, Ousby, (formerly Ulfsby), &c., and Ormside, 

 Ormthwaite, Ormsgill, &c. From Dolfin (prop. Dolgfin) we have 

 Dovenby, formerly Dolphinby, Dolphin Sty, (S:c. From Thurstan 

 we have Thurstan's Water, the old name of Coniston lake, and 

 from Thorfin we have Torfings Sty and Torpenhow. It will be 

 seen that side as a local word is often coupled with a personal 

 name, and this may be the case with regard to Ambleside, though 

 the man's name Hamil or Amal is not exclusively Scandinavian. 



Then there are two or three names which though borne by 

 Northmen, are not of Scandinavian origin, but were borrowed by 

 them from the Irish or the Gael. One of these names is Bekan, 

 found in Bekan's Gill and probably in Beacon Tarn and Beaconhill. 

 The last named was opened many years ago, and therein was found 

 the skeleton of a gigantic warrior, who from the character of his 

 arms, must have been a Northman. Another name of the same 

 kind is Melmor, found in Melmerby. According to the Denton 

 MSS., Ulf, Thorkel, and Melmor, the three sons of Haldane, 

 settled at and gave the names to — Ulfsby, now Ousby, Thorkelly 

 near Keswick, and Melmerby. The writer is not always to be 

 trusted, but there does not seem any reason for doubting him in 

 this case, where indeed the names remain to speak for themselves. 

 Now the name Melmor occurs in a runic inscription in the Isle 

 of Man in connection with other names unquestionably Scandin- 



