184 



" Oliver, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, 

 Scotland, and Ireland, for the preaching of the word of God." 



But the Germans furnished two vicars previous to this, viz., 

 Robert Beck, who became vicar in 1592, and in 1597 he was 

 succeeded by "Mayster" Peter Beck, who resigned in 1602, and 

 the living was given by Dr. Robinson, Bishop of Carlisle, to his 

 brother Dr. Giles Robinson, who made himself obnoxious by 

 committing thirteen of the eighteen school trustees to prison 

 because they refused to accept his nominee (one Garth) as school- 

 master. 



Mrs. Thomasine Hechstetter married George TuUye of Keswick. 

 His son was Dr. Thomas Tullie, Doctor of Laws, Dean and 

 Chancellor of Carlisle, Rector of Aldingham, and J. P. for Cumber- 

 land. 



The time, however, would fail me to tell of the Herringes, the 

 Stonebargers-, the Franses, the Mures, the Colegeaths, the Woulfes, 

 the Pellers, the PauUes, the Ringreasles, the Raisleys, the Flouter- 

 ers, the Staygills, the Beyrnparkers, the Prowkers, the Lipmawers, 

 the Sanningers, the Torvers, the Yorkes, the Norspalmers, the 

 Tifflers, the Tiblers, the Yossers, the Hedglers, the Upperers, 

 the Tempps, the Shrohomes, the Rynders, the Lacepalmers, 

 the Zinogles, and a host of others, all to be found in the 

 Crosthwaite register, and each distinguished as Germans by the 

 word "Duchman" being added to the entry. 



It is interesting to put together these scanty fragments of local 

 history, and to trace the influence which this little colony of 

 German miners and their works had upon the manners and the 

 material prosperity of the people of this parish. No doubt the 

 new industry gave employment to a great many of the poorer 

 inhabitants in the mines, and at the smelting houses. We have 

 seen that the strangers did not receive a cordial welcome from the 

 Cumberland folk, as is shown by the complaints of Daniel Hech- 

 stetter. He complained that the Earl of Northumberland obstructed 

 the mining operations in Newlands, and that the workers were 

 opposed by Lady Radcliffe. We have seen that Queen EHzabeth 

 commanded the Earl to offer no further obstruction, telling him 



