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labouring, and found they were planting a grove of oaks. They first made 

 little holes in the earth with their bills, going about and about, till the hole was 

 deep enough, and then they dropped in the acorn, and covered it with earth and 

 moss. This young plantation is now fast growing up to a thick grove of oaks, 

 soon to be fit for use, and of height sufficient for them to build their nests in. 

 I told it to the owner of the ground, who took care to secure their growth and 

 rising. 



I will now proceed to summarise as concisely and accurately as 

 I can, in the order adopted in the London Catalogue, the plants 

 which I have personally noted as existing in the Caldew Valley, 

 commenting here and there upon such as may rarely be met with 

 in other districts of the county, or which may be regarded as 

 casuals, waifs from cultivation, etc. 



First, then, of the Ranunculus, or Crowfoot family. Thalidrum 

 flavum, Common Meadow Rue, a plant of unusual occurrence in 

 this county, grows in the railway cutting a little to the west of 

 Dalston station. The Wood Anemone is tolerably abundant quite 

 up to the mountains. The commoner species of Crowfoot 

 (Buttercups) are also plentiful. Trollius europmis, The Mountain 

 Globe-Flower, a very handsome species, in moist meadows, 

 towards the head of the Valley. Aconitum tiapellus, Monk's 

 Hood, grows by the river just above its confluence with Roe-beck, 

 on the east bank, — probably a garden outcast from higher up the 

 stream. Three species of Poppy are commonly found in corn- 

 fields, on rubbish heaps, &c. Of the Fumitory family, the pretty 

 little creeper, Corydalis claviculata, White-flowered Fumitory, with 

 its weak straggling stems, may be found among the rocks and 

 huge fragments thereof, which everywhere thickly bestrew the foot 

 of Carrock. Ramping Fumitory grows about Gatesgill. 



Of the very numerous tribe of Crucifers, the Valley produces 

 only the commoner types of Charlock, Wild Mustard, and Wild 

 Rape, indiscriminately classed by the farmer as "fieldkail." Arabis 

 hirsuta. Hairy Rock-Cress, grows in joints of limestone about 

 Park Head, Sebergham. Cochlearia officinalis, Common Scurvy- 

 Grass, occurs in rills on Skidd aw Forest and Carrock ; where also 

 C. alpina, the Dwarf alpine species, may be found. Teesdalia 

 nudicaulis, Naked-Stemmed Teesdalia, on the top of a dry wall 



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