190 



WoLFRAMiNE, Tungsten Oxide. Of a yellow colour. Associated 

 with Wolfram and Scheelite at Carrock Fells. 



Minium, Native Red-Lead. Said to have been found near 

 Alston. 



The section of minerals next to be enumerated is the Car- 

 bonates ; which are arranged in two groups, according as the 

 mineral species composing them crystallize in the Rhombic or the 

 Hexagonal System. 



Aragonite, the rhombic form of Calcic Carbonate, stands first 

 on the list. This mineral species is widely diffused throughout 

 the mineral-veins of the two counties, but is, nevertheless, not very 

 common at any one locality. It assumes a considerable variety of 

 forms, ranging from stalactitic masses without any definite external 

 evidence of crystalline structure, through spheroidal, close-set, 

 aggregations of acicular prisms, to the beautiful crystals found in 

 West Cumberland and in the Alston district. Undoubtedly one 

 of the most beautiful forms assumed by Aragonite is that known 

 under its old name of Flos Jerri, or Coraloidal Aragonite, which 

 used to be obtained in some abundance when the Dufton Mines 

 were working some years ago. Its mode of occurrence was described 

 in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, vol. xxi. p. 413, 

 by Mr. Wm. Wallace of Alston, the author of a most valuable treatise 

 on the Deposition of Lead Ore. In this instance the mineral occurs 

 in the form of branching, shrub-like forms, bearing a close resem- 

 blance in external form to some species of corals, especially to 

 MilleJ>ora, and in colour generally of a beautiful creamy white. 

 These are found mostly in what the miners call "lochs," "lofs," or 

 " lof-holes," or the cavities and small chambers eroded by chemical 

 action in the limestone contiguous to the mineral veins. These 

 lofs are often full of clay ; but the face of the solid rock itself is 

 coated with groups of crystals of various kinds — Galena, Blende, 

 Barytes, Cerussite, and other minerals, as well as with the particular 

 species of mineral at present under notice. Some of these branching 

 sprays of Aragonite are as much as a foot, or even eighteen inches, 

 across. Other specimens of the same general form, and occurring 

 in the same way, were found some years ago in the well-known 



