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habit very early on in the year of unfolding a portion of its leaves, 

 and then as it were finding itself before its time, it stops, and 

 remains so for weeks with no perceptible change. All at once it 

 wakens from its lethargy, and stops growing no more till it is in 

 full leaf. It is a long passage to the honey in the corolla of this 

 plant, and short-tongued bees have a readier method of getting at 

 the honey there by biting a piece out at the bottom of the corolla 

 tube. This you can often see for yourselves by carefully examining 

 a few flowers of the Honeysuckle. 



In the order Rubiace^ four of the Bedstraws may be found on 

 the Scar : the Yellow, the Crosswort, the Great Hedge-Bedstraw, 

 and the Goosegrass or Cleavers ; the Smooth Heath-Bedstraw on 

 Kingmoor : this latter plant, in miles and miles of tramping on the 

 Crossfell range this last summer (1883), met my eye everywhere. 

 Field Madder occurs about Cummersdale and Dalston. The 

 Woodruff is found in most of our damp woods ; it is noted for the 

 delicate odour it givs forth when dried, resembling new-mown hay; 

 but no plant keeps the odour so long, and a bunch of Woodruff 

 hung in a room will scent it all the winter through. 



In the order Valerianace.*, we have the small Marsh Valerian 

 near Cummersdale ; the great Wild Valerian is common by the 

 ditch sides round Kingmoor; the Lamb's Lettuce, by the hedge 

 side at St. Ann's : this last-named plant was formerly in great 

 request as a spring salad, and I see by the Seedsmen's Catalogues, 

 it is coming to the front again, and is being largely cultivated. 

 The Smooth Corn-Salad, at Cummersdale, near the Railway Station; 

 and this year, the rare Sharp-Fruited Corn-Salad, near Upperby. 

 For this find, and many more good things, I am indebted to one 

 of our members— Mr. Shepherd. The Teasel, I think, grows 

 in this district only as a garden-plant, or as an escape. Devil's-Bit 

 Scabious, on Kingmoor and at Cummersdale. The Small Scabious 

 grows on Stainton Banks, side by side with the Great Scabious, or 

 Field Knautia — two very conspicuous flowers. The mention of 

 these last two flowers reminds me of a little incident which occurred 

 this last summer, and which shows that a little knowledge of wild 

 flowers might be useful to the best among us. They were gathered 



