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field where cattle or where sheep are grazing, the pupae will usually 

 be found close to the tree. In a wood, the pupse will be found 

 mostly about six inches from the trunk ; though some species are 

 found as many feet, or even yards, away from their feeding place. 

 Very good trees for pup£e-hunting are birches, growing in a hedge. 

 These will repay a careful search through the Winter and the early 

 Spring; and if they are looked over in May, June, July, and 

 August, there will generally be found some pupse or larvae to 

 reward one for the trouble. The Willow and the Sallow are also 

 good trees to find larvae on, as certain early moths make use of 

 the catkins of these trees as their only food. In the Spring I have 

 seen over seventy moths fall from one sallow, where they were 

 busy depositing their ova after emerging from hybernation. The 

 insects that make use of the Willows as food-plants are, generally 

 speaking, early to appear in the perfect condition; while those 

 that feed on the Oak and the Ash and other trees coming later into 

 leaf are generally of late appearance. ■ 



The Scalloped Hook-tip {Platypteryx lacertula). Found in good 

 numbers at Newby Cross, Newbiggen, Orton, and Thurstonfield, 

 in June and July. Newman does not record this species from 

 Scotland, nor from the Northern Counties. This species is best 

 taken with the net, after beating birch trees. The larvae are easily 

 found on the same trees, either in a cluster of leaves, or else 

 hanging from the trees. 



The Pebble Hook-tip {P. falculd). Found in all our woods 

 where the birch grows. I have taken them from the early part of 

 May up to the middle of September. Newman considers that 

 they are double-brooded ; but I have never found any larvae except 

 in September. They are very pretty, of a pale green with a yellow 

 stripe along each side. The pupa of this moth can easily be found 

 in the proper localities, as the larva spins up a birch leaf, and the 

 pupa often remains on the tree long after all the other leaves are 

 gone. 



The Chinese Character {Cilix spinuld). This, one of the 

 smallest and prettiest of the group, may be found in the early 



