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both theii; head and their tail are held quite erect. They hold to 

 their food-plant very firmly. 



The Sprawler {Petasia cassinea). The larva of this moth bears 

 a very bad character amongst entomologists, as it has a habit of 

 destroying any other larvsB it may find in the same breeding-cage 

 with itself. I have taken them commonly on the oaks at Orton. 

 When beaten from the branches they are very restless. In colour 

 the larvae are of a pale green, with three yellow stripes along the 

 body. This is one of the latest to appear ; I have found them 

 from the middle of October up to the end of December. 



The Buff-tip {Fygcera btuephala). This beautiful moth is one of 

 the commonest of the family ; and I think there is hardly a tree 

 that grows here that does not serve as the food-plant of this species. 

 It is the only one of the Cuspidates whose larvae are to be found 

 in large broods. I have seen as many as three broods on one 

 tree, and their habit of stripping off all the leaves around their 

 feeding place renders their discovery a comparatively-easy matter. 

 The moth appears in June ; and the larva from July up to the end 

 of October. 



The Small Chocolate-tip ( Clostera redusa). This is the smallest 

 of the Cuspidates, and one that [though generally distributed over 

 both England and Ireland] is locally confined to rather limited areas. 

 They occur in great numbers at Orton and Newby Cross. I have 

 never taken the moth either on the wing or at rest ; though I have 

 reared hundreds from the larvae, which were usually collected from 

 the Dwarf Sallow. From its earliest stage this larva is in the habit 

 of sheltering itself by drawing together the edges of leaves, and in 

 a shelter of this kind it changes to pupa. 



The Pale Prominent {Ptilophora \Ptilodontd\ palphia). This 

 very strange-looking moth I have found only in one locality here 

 — at Orton. They are very common near Langholm. The perfect 

 insect I have never taken. The larva is a very rough-looking 

 creature, with the skin very much wrinkled. It feeds on both the 

 Willow and the Poplar. The pupa I have taken by pulling up the 



