9 



dash on the sides of the upper wings (see fig. 3). In the United 

 States it is the most abundant and troublesome species in Florida 

 and some of the other Southern States. It is already practically 

 cosmopolitan. 



The Oriental cockroach, or black beetle {Periplaneta orientalis), 

 is the common European and particularly the English species, and 

 is notable for the fact that the female is nearly wingless in the adult 

 state. The wings of the male also are shortened, not reaching to 

 the extremity of the body. In color it is very dark brown, almost 

 black, shining, and rather robust, much stouter than the other 



..V 



.^-^ ^.v^^: 



Fig. 3. 



-The Australian roach (Periplaneta ant^tralasiw): a, male with spread 

 wings; h, female; c, pupa— all life-size (original). 



species, making its English name of " black beetle" quite appropri- 

 ate. This species is notably gregarious in habit, individuals living 

 together in colonies in the most amicable way, the small ones being 

 allowed by the larger ones to sit on them, run over them, and nestle 

 beneath them without any resentment being shown. This species 

 was a common and troublesome pest in the British Colonies early in 

 the eighteenth century, although unknown at the same time in the 

 French Canadian possessions.^ 



iSee Kahii's Travels, Vol. I, p. 3'21 ; II, p. 256. 



