GO THE GENERA OF BRITISH MOTHS. 
being pale buff, closely marked and variegated with dull olive ; and these markings vary so much that it some- 
times appears entirely olive ; the hind wings are brownish olive at the external edge, but become white half way 
towards the base. The Caterpillars of all the species are leaf-rollers. a 
The genus Cleoceris contains but one British species. Its distinctive characters are—antenne bipectinated 
in the males, and serrated in the females ; the thorax not crested ; the larvee attenuated, smooth, and living in a case 
of leaves webbed together. 
Cleoceris Viminalis (the Minor Shoulder-Knot, No. 5) is a very variable species, some having the fore wings 
much darker than our specimen, while others are suffused with a bright purplish tone. The Caterpillar is green, with 
pale longitudinal streaks ; it feeds on the Willow, and the Moth appears in June and July, but is not common, 
The genus Engramma contains only one species, recently separated from Cleoceris, on account of several 
anatomical distinctions, too minute for detail in a work of popular character. The chief distinetions of the genus 
are—the antenne pubescent, and the abdomen rather depressed in the male, and pointed in the female ; the 
larve slightly flattened, and living in leaves webbed together. 
Engramma Oo (the Heart Moth, No. 6) is a remarkably pretty insect. The Caterpillar feeds upon Oak, and 
is reddish brown, marked with oval’spots and white lines. It is rather an uncommon species, though widely dispersed. 
The tenth Sub-Family of the Noctuidae, the Xunthidi, contains eight genera, Ipimorpha, Cosmia, Euperia, 
NXanthia, Jidia, Orbona, Atethmia, and Scoliopteryx. 
In the genus Jpimorpha the antennz are simple, the thorax slightly crested, and the abdomen somewhat 
flattened, and fringed at the sides ; the tips of the anterior wings are rather falcate or hooked, and their lines and 
spots distinct. The larve: are flattened beneath, smooth, and somewhat shining, feeding between webbed leaves. 
There are two species, 
Tpimorpha Retusa (the Double Kidney, No. 7) is a species formerly considered rare, but now found in several 
localities, though sparingly, as at Wavendon, Worcester, and York, 
I, Sultusa (the Olive), the other species, las the fore wings olive-green, the lines and margin yellowish, the 
stigma filled with gray, It was formerly considered rare, but has recently been found in some plenty at Halton in 
Buckinghamshire, at Manchester, and somewhat less commonly in several other recorded Iccalities. 
The genus Cosmia. In this genus the antennz are simple or slightly pubescent ; the abdomen slender and 
conical, and the edge of the fore wings denticulated. The Caterpillar is smooth, slightly flattened beneath, and 
attenuated anteriorly. It feeds enveloped in webbed leaves, among which it generally undergoes its transformation. 
The pupa is very pointed at the hind part. There are three species. 
Cosmia Diffinis (the White-Spotted Pinion, No, 9) is strikingly distinguished by the two white patches, at the 
front edge of the fore wings, in which the transverse bands terminate. The Caterpillar (No. 10) feeds on the Elin, 
the Moth being found in August. It is a common and widely-dispersed species. 
The other species are, C. Pyral.na (the Lunar-Spotted Pinion), having the fore wings reddish brown, dis- 
tinguished by grayish indistinct patches near the front angles ; and €. Affixis (the Lesser-Spotted Pinion), 
resembling C. Diffinis, but smaller. The transverse bands in this species are grayish instead of ochreous, and 
terminating in gray patches in front instead of white. Varieties occur which were formerly deemed distinct species, 
while other distinct species have been removed from the genus. 
The genus Zuperia consists of two species, first detached from Cosmia by M. Guénée, considering them, as Mr. 
Westwood states, far removed in the system from the other species. M. Guénée places several of the Cosmie in his 
new genus; but in the system I am following, only two are admitted, and some entomologists only admit one, 
Fulvago, as being the only one exhibiting the main distinctive character, that of the Caterpillar feeding exposed, 
and not webbed up in leaves. 
Luperia Trapetzina (the Dun-bar, No. 11) is » delicately marked insect, The Caterpillar is light transparent 
green, but sometimes dusky in colour, with a light yellow line on each side. It feeds on Oak. The Chrysalis is 
formed among the spun-up leaves in June ; it is red, covered with a fine bloom. The Moth appears in July, and is 
a very abundant species. The other species, L. Fulrago, very closely resembles it, but is rather larger, and much 
yellower in tone. his pretty insect is extremely rare. 
