422 MARITIME OBSERVATIONS. 
have therefore a faying, that God fends meat and the devit 
cooks. YPaflengers more pioufly difpofed, and willing to 
believe heaven orders all things for the beft, may fuppofe 
that knowing the fea-air and conftant exercife by the mo- 
tion of the veffel would give us extraordinary appetites, 
bad cooks were kindly fent to prevent our eating too 
much; or, that forefecing we fhould have bad cooks, good 
appetites were furnifhed to prevent our ftarving. If you 
cannot truft to thefe circumftances, a fpirit-lamp, with a 
blaze-pan, may enable you to cook fome little things for 
yourfelf; fuch as a hath, a foup; &c. And it might be 
well alfo to have among your ftores fome potted meats, 
which if well put up will keep long good. A fmall tin- 
oven to place with the open fide before the fire, may 
be another good utenfil, in which your own {fervant 
may roa{t for you a bit of pork or mutton. You will 
fometimes be induced to eat of the fhip’s falt beef, as it is 
often good. You will find cyder the beft quencher of 
that thirft which falt meat or fifh occafions. The thip 
bifcuit is too hard for fome fets of teeth. It may be foft- 
ened by toafting. But rufk is better; for being made of 
good fermented bread, fliced and baked a fecond time, the 
pieces imbibe the water eafily, foften immediately, digeft 
more kindly and are therefore more wholfome than the 
unfermented bifcuit. By the way, rufk is the true ori- 
ginal bifcuit, fo prepared to keep for fea, bifcuit in French 
fignifying twice baked. If your dry peas boil hard, a 
two-pound iron fhot put with them into the pot, will by 
the motion of the fhip grind them as fine as muftard. 
The accidents I have feen at fea with large difhes of 
foup upon a table, from the motion of the fhip, have made 
me wifh that our potters or pewterers would make foup- 
difhes in divifions, like a fet of fmall bowls united toge- 
gether, each containing about fufficient for one perfon, in 
{ome fuch form as fig. 26; for then when the fhip fhould 
make a fudden heel, the foup would not in a body flow 
over 
