( 320 ) 



No. xxiir. 



Ucfcriplion of fome Improvements in the common Fire-place^ 

 accompanied zvith Models, offered to the confideration of 

 the American Philojophical Society. By G. W. I'Eale, 

 aud his Jon Raphaelle. 



Read March TT'lRE-places now in ufe, are often fubjedl to 

 17, 1797- \^ fmoke, and the unneceffary confumption of 

 great quantities of fuel, without fufficiently warming the 

 apartments, occafioned by the great quantity of heat 

 efcaping through the funnels, confequently being loft in 

 the external air ; whereas thofe built after the models 

 herewith fent, are not liable to fmoke, and emit the great- 

 eft quantity of heat into the apartments through cheapo 

 durable ^xiAfalubrions materials.* 



The art of economizing fuel wholly confifts in pre- 

 venting the efcape of heat and diredling it where want- 

 ed. This is beft effedled by taking fuch an entire com- 

 mand of the draught as that, when the combuftibles are 

 inflamed fufficiently to continue them to ignition, their 

 hafty deftru<£tion may be prevented by leffening the 

 draught as much as poflible without extinguifliing the 

 fire. 



Jambs confiderably flanting, as in the form given 

 by the ingenious Count Rumford, are certainly the 

 beft for throwing out heat, and with the addition of the 



Aiding 



* Only a part of thefc t'efigns are now publifhed, the remainder will 

 forni a more general effiiy of economizing fuel and labour, by various me- 

 thods, for common ufe, and more efpecially for the kitchen ; which are 

 now put into pradlice at the Mufeum, and mod probably ^vill be fo far 

 improved as to render them much more interefling to the public, by further 

 cbfervatioas and management. 



