10 MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 
which the order is composed, founded upon these considerations, was 
as follows : — 
Tribe 1. Subulicornes (having very short subulate antennz), com- 
posed of (a) the mandibulated Libellulz ; and (4) the emandibulated 
Ephemere. 
Tribe 2. Filicornes (having long, multi-articulate antenne), com- 
posed of (a) the following mandibulated types, Panorpa, Myrmeleon, 
Hemerobius, Sialis, Corydalis (all with 5-jomnted tarsi), Termes and 
Raphidia (with 4-jointed tarsi), Psocus (with 2 or 3-jointed tarsi), and 
Perla (with 3-jointed tarsi), and of (4) the single emandibulated genus 
Phryganea. 
In the Réegne Animal the same arrangement of the families is pre- 
served ; but) they are divided into three primary tribes :— 1. Subu- 
licornes (as above); 2. Planipennes ; and, 3. Plicipennes, the second 
of which comprises all the mandibulated filicorn species ; and the Pli- 
cipennes, the emandibulated Phryganea ; the Planipennes being com- 
posed of the five following, families, Panorpates, Myrmeleonides, 
Hemerobines, Termitines, and Perlides. 
To this arrangement M. Pictet and Mr. Newman (who have both 
particularly studied this order of insects) object, on the ground that 
the section Planipennes is of too heterogeneous a nature; and the 
former author (Mem, Sialis) accordingly proposes the adoption of six 
families in the order (including the Phryganea), namely: 1. Subu- 
licornes Latr. ; 2. Planipennes (Hemerobius and Myrmeleon) ; 3. Pa- 
norpates ; 4. Termitines ; 5. Perlides ; 6. Phryganides.” If we thus, how- 
ever, separate the Latreillian Planipennes into four groups, it appears 
to me to be equally necessary to raise the two divisions of the Subu- 
licornes to a like rank, which indeed Mr. Newman has done (nt. 
Mag. No. 18. p.237.); but it does not appear to me that a sufficient 
equality has been maintained in the construction of the natural 
families. 
Taking the transformations as the ground of the distribution of the 
order, it appears to me to form two primary divisions : — 
1. Those with an active pupa, undergoing a metamorphosis which, for 
want of a better name, we may, with MacLeay, term subsemicomplete ; 
in all which there is a greater dissimilarity between the larva and 
imago states than exists in the insects typical of the monomorphous, 
semicomplete metamorphosis (Gryllus, &c.) Here belong the Psocide 
and Termitidz, which have terrestrial larva, and the Libellulide 
