2; MODERN CLASSIFICATION GF INSECTS. 
oblong, narrower than thorax, without any distinct neck; the eyes 
are large, coarsely granulated, and occupy its anterior lateral angles, 
besides which, there are ordinarily three ocelli between the eyes, and 
behind the antenne ; the underside of the head (fig. 57.3.) is pro- 
longed into a kind of conical beak, which extends beneath the pro- 
sternum ; the antenne (fig. 57. 7. and 57.15. T. fasciata) are longer 
than the head, filiform, and apparently varying in the number of joints 
from five to nine, in consequence of the terminal joints being more or 
less firmly soldered together ; they are inserted in front of the head. 
The parts of the mouth, although constructed in the mandibulated and 
palpigerous form, unite into a short conical sucker, which does not ex- 
tend beyond the anterior coxze. ‘The clypeus and labrum occupy the 
anterior part, the latter being linear-subconical, beneath the base of 
which arise a pair of horny setiform mandibles (fig. 57. 4.), of which 
the base is dilated into a flattened plate in the species I have dis- 
sected. (Mr. Haliday described them as having a bulbous base, and, by 
their junction towards the tip, as forming a 2-valved syphon.) The 
maxille (jig. 57. 5. and 57. 13. T. fasciata) are flat, elongate-trian- 
gular, and pointed at the tip, without any apparent articulation, and 
with a 2 or 3-jointed palpus, arising on the outer edge near the 
middle ; there is no appearance of an outer lobe or galea. The 
labium (fig. 57. 6.) is submembranaceous, and more or less attenu- 
ated in front; in some species the mentum is very distinct, and the 
Jabium is extended in front, between, and of equal length with, the 
palpi*; but in T. fasciata (fig. 57. 14.) I could not perceive it to be 
prolonged beyond the base of those organs; the labial palpi are very 
short, and 2 or 3-jointed. 
De Geer was the first author who noticed the existence of palpi in 
these insects. Latreille, also, described the maxillary pair, but re- 
garded the labial palpi as articulated lacinie. He, moreover, over- 
looked the mandibles which were first observed by Strauss, who com- 
municated the discovery to Latreille (Fam. Nat. p. 416.), who, 
however, seems to have been inclined to doubt their right to such a 
title, although admitting that, if they were really mandibles, they 
would form a very peculiar family in the order Orthoptera; although 
* « Rostri vagina (including the maxilla and labium), submembranacea ad 
basin lata et utrinque uni-palpigera (scil. the maxillary palpi), apice profunde tri- 
fida; laciniis zque longis, media acuta; externis (scil. the labial palpi), subli- 
nearibus triarticulatis; palpi (maxillary), brevissimi filiformes,” &e.  Latr. Gen. 
Semlivils 
