52 MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 
The family PAanorripa* Leach is at once distinguished by the front 
of the head being produced into an elongated slender deflexed rostrum 
Fig. 65. 

( fig. 65.10. 11.), at the extremity of which the parts of the mouth 
are inserted. The body is moderately long and slender (jig. 65. 9. 
Panorpa communis g); the head is vertical, and not broader than the 
front of the thorax; the eyes prominent and semiglobose (fig. 65. 
10.); the antennz long, slender, and multi-articulate ; the clypeus is 
acuminated at the tip, leaving the sides of the leathery ciliated labrum 
exposed ( fig. 65. 12.) ; the mandibles are very small, narrow, toothed 
at the tip (jig. 65. 13.); the lower jaws and lower lip are elongated, 
the basal parts of the former being soldered together, so as to form 
the under side of the rostrum ( fig. 65. 11.); the maxille are bilobed 
at the extremity ( fig. 65. 14,), membranous, and pilose ; the maxillary 
palpi 5-jointed ; the lower lip is inserted upon the united base of the 
maxilla (fig. 65. 11.), it is narrowed in front, and does not extend 
beyond the base of the labial palpi, which have been described as only 
2 or 3-jointed. I have represented them, in fig. 65. 15., as they ap- 
pear under a strong lens, in a dried specimen. The prothorax forms 

* Bistiocr. REFER. TO THE PANoRPID&. 
Linneus, in Trans. Holm. 1747. s. 176. 
Swederus, in Trans. Holm. 1787. 
Westwood, in Trans. Ent. Soc., vol. i. p. 75. app. (3 sp. of Nemoptera. ) 
Klug. Monograph. Panorpide, in Trans. Acad. Berlin, 1836. (See Ann. Soc. Ent. 
Franee, 1836, p. 75. app.) 
Newman, in Ent. Mag., No. 22. (Merope. ) 
Pictet, in Mém. Soe. d’ Hist. Nat. Généve, tom. vii. p. 403. 
Hardwick, in Linn. Trans., vol. xiv. (Panorpa fureata. ) 
Stephens, Curtis, Fabricius, Thunberg (2 sp. Panorpa.) 
