62 MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 
are furnished with numerous branching veins; the costal portion is 
not transversely veined ; the posterior pair are shorter, but consider- 
ably broader than the anterior, and are folded when at rest. The wings 
are more or less clothed with hair (fig. 67. 11. fore wing of Hydro- 
ptila) ; the legs are long and slender ; the anterior tibise are spurred at 
the tip, but the four posterior are furnished, not only with apical spurs, 
but also with one or two pair near the middle of the limb; the coxe 
are also elongated —both which characters add materially to the acti- 
vity of the insects; the tarsi are 5-jointed, with minute claws and pul- 
villi. In the genera Hydropsyche Agapetus, &c., the intermediate tibize 
and tarsi are dilated in the females; this is also especially the case 
in an allied species figured by Savigny in the Description de l Egypte. 
The abdomen is of moderate length, slender, the extremity being fur- 
nished, in the males, with several short curved inarticulate appendages. 
The females deposit their eggs in a double gelatinous mass, which 
is of a green colour, and is retained for a considerable time at the ex- 
tremity of the body; the mass is subsequently attached to the surface 
of some aquatic plant, and Mr. Hyndman has observed the female of 
Phryganea grandis creep down the stems of aquatic plants under the 
water, very nearly a foot deep, for the purpose of oviposition; on 
being disturbed, it swam vigorously beneath the water to some other 
plants ; its bundle of eggs was found to be of an oblong form, bent in 
the middle, and the two ends attached to the tail of the animal (Cur- 
tis, Brit. Ent., fol. 592.). 


The larve ordinarily reside in cylindrical cases, open at each end, 
to which they attach various matters, as bits of stick, weeds, pebbles, 
or even small living shells ( fig. 68. 2. case of P. fusca Pictet), by the 
assistance of silken threads, which they spin from the mouth in the 
