HYMENOPTERA. — CYNIPIDA. 125 
less, or with but very few veins; palpi generally long and 
pendulous ; pupa inclosed in a cocoon. 
If, Tusutirera.— Terminal segments of the abdomen telescopic 
and retractile ; antennz elbowed. Parasites. 
Fam. 6. Chrysidide. 
The family of the gall-flies, Cynrerpm* Westw. (Diplolepide Leach), 
corresponds with the genus Cynips of Linnzeus (6th ed. of the Sys¢. 
Nature, 1748, there characterised, inter alia, by “ Larva intra gallam), 
or that of Diplolepis of Geoffroy} (1762). These insects (fig. 73. 12. 

* Breviocr. REFER. TO THE CYNIPIDA. 
Schiffer and Bergmann, in Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1762. 
Gerbi. Sul Modo cui produconsi dag!’ Insetti le Galle, in Opusculi Scelti, tom. xviii. 
Anthoine. Cynipédologie du Chéne, Nouy. Journ. du Physiq. t. 1. 
Bose. Suppl. a la Cynipédolog. du Chéne (C. Quere. Tojz), Journ. d’ Hist. Nat. 
tom. il. p. 154. 
Burgsdorff, in Schrift. der Berliner Gesellsch Naturf., fr. b. iv. (On the Galls of the 
Oak and their Inhabitants. ) 
Westwood, in Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vi. p. 491. — Ditto, vol. viii. p. 171. — Ditto, in 
Loudon’s Arboretum Britann., under ‘ Oak.” — Ditto, in Guérin’s Mag. Zool. 
Ins., pl. 179. 
Walker, in Entomol. Mag. vol. ii. p. 117. (Figites, new sp.) p. 519. (n. sp. Ana- 
~ charis); vol. ili. p. 159. Sections of Cynipites. 
Boyer de Fonscolombe. Diplolepaires qui se trouy. aux Environs d’ Aix, in Ann, des 
Se. Nat. tom. xxvi. 1832. 
MM. D’A. et JJ. Virey. Hist. Nat. des Galles des Végétaux, c. (Journ. de Phar- 
macie et des Se. access. No. 4. Avril, 1820.) 
Acharius, in Gotheborgska Vetensk. 1778. (Cynips inanita. ) 
Dalman, in Anal. Entomol. (Anacharis. ) 
Bouché. Naturgeschichte der Insekten. 
Hammerschmidt. Observationes Physiologice-pathologice de Plantarum Gallarum 
Ortu. 
Curtis. Brit. Ent. sub Gen. Cynips.  Ibalia. 
Brandt and Ratzeburg. Medizin. Zoologie. to. 

+ Geoffroy introduced great confusion into the nomenclature of this family and 
that of the Chalcidide, by employing for the latter the name. given by Linnzus to 
the gall-flies, Cynips, and by terming these Diplolepis. The confusion was further 
augmented by Fabricius and the French authors. (See my article detailing the 
history of these groups in the 13th Number of the Zoological Journal. ) 
