156 MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 
Linn., C. pctiolatus Curt.), brilliant metallic or variegated colours, 
elbowed antennez, short palpi, nearly veinless wings, and naked pupae: 
The head is transverse; the face large, and often longituginally 
notched for the reception of the basal joint of the antenne ; the eyes 
lateral, and in a few species of avery large size (Macroglenes inserens- 
(fig. 77. 2—7. under side of the head, and details of Leucospis gigas) : 
the antenne are short, often thickened towards the tips, and com- 
posed of a small number of joints, varying from six to thirteen; the 
basal joint is long and erect, the antennz being elbowed and deflexed 
at its extremity; the three terminal joints in both sexes are often 
compactly soldered together: these organs often vary very consider- 
ably in the sexes (fig. 77. 8. ant. of Cheiropachus ?, 77.9. antenna 
of Trichogramma evanescens, Westw.). The labrum is minute (fig. 
77. 3.), and often concealed ; the mandibles are broad, horny, and ge- 
nerally terminated by several teeth (fig. 77. 4.); the maxilla are 
elongated with a large suboval membranous terminal lobe (jig. 77. 5. 
and 77. 10.) ; the maxillary palpi are very short, and more or less fili- 
form, never composed of more than 4 joints, of which the basal joint 
is often very minute, and the terminal joint the longest, thickest, and 
clothed with longer rigid sete. The mentum is long and narrow, the 
labium terminated by a large rounded membranous lobe, and the 
labial palpi short, and 2- or 3-jointed (fig. 77.6. labium of Leucospis, 
77.10. maxilla and Jabium of Pachylarthrus ¢ ). The Thorax forms an 
oval or elongate-oval mass ; the collar is generally distinct, and either 
triangular or transverse-quadrate ; the mesothoracic scutum is large, 
often with a distinct oblique impression on each side separating the 
parapsides *; the mesothoracic scutellum is generally very large and 
rounded, the metathoracic praescutum and scutellum being also distinct 
(fig. 77. 17. thorax of Cleonymus depressus above). The anterior 
wings are almost veinless, although in certain positions the situation 

in Griff. An. Kingd. Ins. pl. 77. — Ditto, in Royle’s Himalaya. (Dirhinus 
n. sp.) 
Haliday, in Entomological Magazine, vol. i. 
Bouché. Naturgesch. der Insecten. 
Christius, Fabricius, Curtis, Panzer, Zetterstedt (Ins. Lapp.), Say (Journ. Boston N. 
H. Soc. vol. i.), Perty. 

* Mr. MacLeay alludes to this peculiarity in Chalcis, and considers that the 
scutum of the mesothorax is thus proved to be typically composed of three pieces 
when at its maximum of development. (Zool. Journ. No. 18. p. 158. n.) 
