168 MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 
@ and details). The antenne are variable in length, being in the males 
of some species nearly as long as the body (as in fig. 78.16. Mymar 
pulchellus g ): they consist of from 10 to 15 joints, the basal joint 
being the longest, and not carried upwards; the antenne, although 
occasionally elbowed at the extremity of this joint, never being so 
much geniculated as in the Chalcididz: the three terminal joints are not 
compactly soldered together, and the front of the head is not impressed 
for the reception of the basal joint. The antenne of the females are 
ordinarily shorter than those of the males, with the terminal joints 
often thickened (fig. 78. 11. antenna ¢, 12. ditto ? Platygaster). 
The labrum is minute (fig. 78. 2.) ; the mandibles are longer than in 
the Chalcididze, variable in form, but in the majority they are some- 
what sickle-shaped, and notched at the tip: in Proctotrupes they are 
entire and acute (fig. 78. 3.); the maxille are terminated by a large 
thin membranous lobe (jig. 78. 4.): the maxillary palpi are variable 
in the number of their joints from three to six ; they are often, however, 
long and pendulous, much longer than the labial palpi, and filiform or 
setaceous ; the mentum is horny or leathery, and compressed ; the la 
bium is entire, and often retracted within the channelled inside of the 
mentum in dried specimens; the labial palpi are short, and generally 
3-jointed, the terminal joint being the largest (fig. 78. 5.). The eyes 
are entire, the ocelli generally 3 in number. The thorax is of an ob- 
long form, with the divisions ordinarily well defined, the tegule in some 
species being very large: the wings are ordinarily ample ; but in some 
species they are wanting, or only rudimental* ; the posterior in some 
species are furnished at the base with a small lobe. The legs are long, 
the femora often slightly clavate, the anterior tibiz furnished with a 
terminal curved spur, which is sometimes bifid, the basal joint of the 
anterior tarsi having a deep incision at its base inside, which is ser- 
rated (fig. 78. 8. from Cinetus). The tarsiare 5-jointed, except in the 
genus Iphitrachelus Hal., in which they are 4-jointed. The abdomen 
is generally of an ovate-conic form, with five, six, or seven distinct 
segments; this part of the body is terminated in some species by a 
curved, elongate, conic, and acute ovipositor (as in fig. ‘78. 1.) ; whilst 
in others the ovipositor is retractile within the extremity of the abdo- 
* Jurine (Nouv. Méth. Class. Hymenopt. p. 304.) has expressed the opinion that 
these individuals had puiled off their wings like ants after the period of swarming ; 
having observed some specimens which had only “ des restes de ces parties,” and that 
the entirely wingless ones were neuters; but these “restes ” of wings never exhibit 
any signs of mutilations, and as the species are not social, they cannot be neuters. 
