HYMENOPTERA — ENUMERIDE. 939 
stronger *, as above indicated by St. Fargeau; and therefore, although 
I have not hesitated to reject the separation of the Fossores into two 
primary groups, founded upon their parasitic or working habits, I 
feel less convinced of the propriety of retaining the wasps as a single 
family. I cannot, however, with St. Fargeau, refer the solitary wasps 
to the Fossores (Op. cit. p. 475.), since they agree in so many of 
their general structural characters with the social wasps. I ac- 
cordingly divide the Diplopteryga into two families, Eumenide and 
Vespidee. 
The family Eumentp& comprises the solitary species, each being 
composed of males and females only+ (fig. 87. 1. Odynerus antilope 
Pz.,2—A4. details of ditto ; fig. 87. 6. Eumenes coarctata, 8—10. details 

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of E, petiolata?), having the mandibles (fig. 87. 2. 8.) elongate-tri- 
gonate, often narrow, and forming a kind of rostrum, in this respect 
resembling the Fossores (from which we learn that this elongation of 
the mandibles is especially fitted for seizing and carrying off other 
insects as prey); these organs in many species exhibit, however, on 
their inner edge various obtuse denticulaticns, proving them to be but a 
modified type of Vespa: the maxillz (fig. 87. 3.9.) and labium (fig. 87. 
4.10.) are long and bent backwards at rest; the latter is divided into 
four pilose setae, terminated by glands, the two intermediate ones being 
the longest ; the anterior margin of the clypeus is produced, and is either 
* The circumstances subsequently mentioned respecting the discovery of honey 
in the cells of Eumenes coarctata, Polistes Licheguana, and P. gallica, may here be 
alluded to, as evincing the necessity for regarding the absdlute separation of these 
two tribes of insects with distrust. 
+ Mr. Curtis correctly describes the Odyneri as being solitary in their habits ; 
but he has introduced neuters into his characters of the genus, and expresses 
surprise that he had only been able to rear females. 
