344 MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 
stirps, it will accordingly be seen, is founded almost exclusively on 
the two anal appendages of the larve. 
In the ANopLuRIFORM stirps, the /arva is characterised by a head 
comparatively of excessive size, and by the abrupt posterior ter- 
mination of the body, without any caudal appendage. The pupa is 
not naked as in the other stirpes, but is concealed by a cocoon, 
or by a covering of a convoluted leaf, and its surface is smooth, re- 
sembling that of the nocturnal Lepidoptera. The characters of the 
imago are variously modified in the Erycine *, which approach the 
preceding stirps, in the Hesperiz, the types of the present, and in 
the Uraniz, which Dr. Horsfield also adds to the stirps. They how- 
ever remain for fuller investigation hereafter. The typical genera 
belonging to this stirps, are Erycine, Emesis, Danis, Lemonias, Eu- 
rybia, Hesperia, Thymele, Helius, Pamphila, Ismene, Tamyris, and 
the aberrants Nymphidium, Helicopis, Urania, and Barbicornis. The 
connection between the Anopluriform and the Vermiform stirps is con- 
sidered as evident, from Linnzus having termed the one Plebeii urbi- 
coli, and the other Plebeii rurales, The circular progression of these 
five stirpes, and their various affinities manifested by the larve, are 
ingeniously illustrated by-a diagram exhibiting the most prominent 
forms of each of the stirps, and of some of the aberrant forms indi- 
cating their gradual approach to each other. 
I have thought it advisable to give this sketch of Dr. Horsfield’s 
work, not only from the importance of the views which it contains 
(without, however, entirely concurring therein), but also from the 
work being unfortunately in but few hands. 
M. Boisduval, an author, who has long, and almost exclusively, stu- 
died the Lepidoptera, has published another distribution of the butter- 
flies. He admits, however, the impossibility to form an arrangement 
in a continuous series, from the many relations which each group, both 
of genera and species, possesses, of which he gives several striking 
instances, especially the genus Pieris of Latreille; some species of 
which (genus Leptalis) completely resemble Heliconii; others (genus 
Euterpe) “se lient insensiblement” with certain species of Papilio ; 
others “ offrent un certain rapport” with the Parnassii ( Doritis), whilst 
* Whilst the feet in the typical Anopluromorpha are perfect, Erycina at the 
confines of the preceding stirps has the feet of the males spurious, whilst they are 
perfect in the females, thus strikingly exemplifying the transition. 
