LEPIDOPTERA. — BOMBYCID. 383 
croscopical researches, the result of which he has published in two 
Memoirs in the Annales des Sci. Nat. for 1838. 
The works of Count Dandolo on the silkworm (Engl. Transi.) ; 
the volume upon the silk manufacture in Lardner’s Cabinet Cyclo- 
pedia; the American work entitled the Stk Cultivator by Kenrick; 
the valuable analysis by Dr. Ure (Zrans. Entomol. Soc. vol. i. 
App. p. 50.); Latreille in Ann. Sei. Nat., May 1831, and in his 
Cours d Entomol. ; a Memoir on silk worms in America in 7rans. 
Philadelph. Soc., 1786, 1789, vol. i. 2d ed., and vol. ii.; and a Memoir 
by Lavini in the Zurin Transact. tom. xxxvil., 1834, may be consulted 
on the subject of the silk culture. 
Other species, which have the palpi porrected, and the hind wings 
in repose extending considerably beyond the costa of the anterior, 
form the genus Gastropacha; G. quercifolia, the type has all the 
appearance of a bundle of dried and shrivelled up leaves. The larva 
has the sides of the body furnished with fleshy appendages, conceal- 
ing the feet; it is very large and hairy, as it is also in other species, 
called eggar-moths, from the cocoons being smooth, firm, and oval, and 
exactly resembling eggs (Lasiocampa Quercus, Trifolii, &c.). M. 
Guenée has made some observations on the construction of one of 
these cocoons (that of B. lanestris), with respect to the absorption 
and renewal of the very small quantity of enclosed air by the chry- 
salis. (Ann. Soc. Ent. de France, 1835, App. p. 63.) 
M. Villiers, in his Memoirs upon Bombyx Pityocampa and Chelo- 
nia pudica, has noticed a peculiarity in the structure of the underside 
of the breast, near the base of the abdomen, and which he likens to 
the drums of the Cicada. (Ann. Soc. Ent. de France, 1832, No. 2.) 
Some of the species (Clisiocampa Neustria, Eriogaster lanestris, 
&c.) are eminently gregarious, inhabiting a general nest in the larva 
state, which they extend from time to time, quitting it during the 
night in search of food, but constantly spinning a line of silk in order 
to direct them on their return before morning: they finally quit the 
nest before changing to pupe. Some of these remain two or more 
years in the pupa state, especially Eriogaster lanestris, as described by 
Mr. Haworth (Lepid. Britann. p.125.); and others (Cnethocampa 
processionea) are remarkable for the regular processionary marches of 
their social caterpillars. (Réaumur and Nicolai, Processions Raupe, 
Berlin, 1833.) Some of these caterpillars are very handsome, being 
longitudinally striped with different colours, whence they have obtained 
