4.04: MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 
feed on the young shoots of the Scotch fir, which they perforate. 
(De Geer, Wém. tom. i. pl. 33.) One of the most destructive insects 
in the family is the Tortrix vitana Bose (Pillerana Fab.), a species 
which, in the larva state, attacks the leaves of the vines in France, 
rolling them up and fastening them together with threads. Its history 
has lately attracted considerable attention, having been investigated, 
with a view to its destruction, by Messrs. Audouin (Annal. Science. 
Nat. 1838, two memoirs), Guérin (in Dictionn. Pittoresg. d Hist. Naé. 
art. Pyralis), Walckenaer (in Annal. Soc. Ent. de France, mém, Ins. 
nuisibles a la vigne), and others. 
M. Duponchel has published a distribution of these insects (above 
referred to), in which he divides them into nine groups, according to 
the habits of the larve, and the mode in which they attack plants. 
As, however, out of 300 European species, not more than one-sixth 
have been observed in the larva states, it is most probable that this 
arrangement will require modification when the others have been 
equally investigated. 
The thirteenth family, YeonoMEUTID#*, comprises an extensive 
collection of minute moths, distinguished from the Tortricidze by 

* Bisuiocr. RErer. TO THE YPONOMEUTIDA AND TINEID&. 
Réaumur. Hist. des Teignes, ou des insectes qui rongent les laines, in Mém. Acad. 
Paris, 1728. 
Goeze, in Der Naturforscher, st. 4, 5. and 14. (on Mining Caterpillars). 
Zincken Sommer. Die Linneischen Tineen in Gattung. in Germar’s Mag. d. Ent. 
vol. ii. pt. 3. and 4. (on Chilo and Galleria. ) — Ditto (with Charpentier), Die 
Zunsler, Wickler, Schaben, und Geitschen des Wien. Verzeichn. 8vo. Bruns- 
wick, 1821. 
Hummell,in Essais Entomol. No. 3. on Tinea bisselliella (La Teigne des Meubles). 
Sadoffsky. Lepid. Micropter. Sp. Noy. in Bull. Soc. Mose., 1829. 
Esper, in Der Naturforscher, st. 25. (Ein. kl. prachtigste Schmett. ) 
Bosc, in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol. i. on two Tinex. 
Laspeyres. On Tinea sociella and colonella, &c., in Berlin Mag. 2., 1808. 
Dahlbom, in Swedish Trans., 1835. Ypsolophus Falleniellus and Yponomeuta 
Padella. 
Bernatowitz. Mémoire sur la Chenille qui fait des ouates, Bibl. Univ. Généve. 
Feb. 1825. 
Nenning. Ueber Tinea Uve. Constanz, 1811, 1 pl. 8vo. 
Boyer de Fonscolombe. On Tinea oleella and oliyella, in Ann. Soe. France, tom. vi. 
